Table 2.
Baseline characteristics according to tertile of waist circumference among women.
| Waist circumference (cm) | p-value for the trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 ≤ 78.0 cm N = 1081 |
Tertile 2 78.1ー86.5 cm N = 1083 |
Tertile 3 > 86.5 cm N = 1072 |
||
| Age, mean (SD), years | 57.7 (11.8) | 61.2 (9.1) | 62.8 (8.4) | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 20.5 (2.0) | 23.0 (2.1) | 26.9 (3.3) | < 0.001 |
| Obesity*, N (%) | 18 (1.7) | 200 (18.5) | 754 (70.3) | < 0.001 |
| Uric acid, mean (SD), µmol/L | 243.3 (54.4) | 263.8 (55.5) | 279.5 (57.2) | < 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mmHg | 123.5 (19.0) | 128.8 (18.4) | 133.9 (18.7) | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mmHg | 71.3 (10.8) | 74.0 (10.5) | 75.8 (10.6) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension**, N (%) | 324 (30.0) | 471 (43.5) | 639 (59.6) | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c, mean (SD) | 5.3 (0.5) | 5.4 (0.6) | 5.6 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus***, N (%) | 43 (4.0) | 70 (6.5) | 146 (13.6) | < 0.001 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L | 1.8 (0.4) | 1.7 (0.5) | 1.6 (0.4) | < 0.001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L | 3.1 (0.8) | 3.4 (0.8) | 3.4 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
| Triglyceride, mean (SD), mmol/L | 1.0 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.8) | 1.4 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia****, N (%) | 325 (30.1) | 478 (44.1) | 564 (52.6) | < 0.001 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mean (SD), mL/min/1.73m2 | 75.5 (14.3) | 73.7 (14.8) | 72.9 (15.0) | < 0.001 |
| Urine protein, N (%) | 30 (2.8) | 30 (2.8) | 53 (5.0) | 0.006 |
| Chronic kidney disease*****, N (%) | 136 (12.7) | 168 (15.5) | 193 (18.1) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking, N (%) | 107 (9.9) | 60 (5.5) | 58 (5.4) | < 0.001 |
| Current daily alcohol intake, N (%) | 81 (7.9) | 43 (4.3) | 32 (3.3) | < 0.001 |
| Regular exercise, N (%) | 246 (24.0) | 267 (25.8) | 278 (27.3) | 0.085 |
*Body mass index of ≥ 25 kg/m2. **BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or us of blood pressure lowering medication. ***Fasting blood glucose concentration ≥ 7.0 mmol/L, Non-fasting blood glucose concentration ≥ 11.1 mmol/L, HbA1c values ≥ 6.5%, or use of glucose-lowering therapy. ****LDH cholesterol concentrations ≥ 3.62 mmol/L, HDL cholesterol concentrations < 1.03 mmol/L, triglyceride concentrations ≥ 1.69 mmol/L, or use of lipid-lowering medication. *****eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or urine protein ≥ 1.