Table 3.

Comparison of the mean total PIDAQ score and subscale scores among different sociodemographic variables

Sociodemographic variables		Total PIDAQ (Mean ± SD)	p	DSC (Mean ± SD)	p	SI (Mean ± SD)	p	PI (Mean ± SD)	p	AC (Mean ± SD)	p
Gender	Male	49.75 ± 20.31	0.487	15.31 ± 6.59	0.749	13.73 ± 7.56	0.911	14.06 ± 6.13	0.966	6.64 ± 3.36	0.323
	Female	50.91 ± 21.08		14.99 ± 6.66		14.23 ± 7.38		14.56 ± 6.03		7.11 ± 3.64
Age	18–20	52.05 ± 21.52	0.581	15.45 ± 6.62	0.470	15.00 ± 8.07	0.166	14.57 ± 6.33	0.280	7.01 ± 3.61	0.757
	21–23	49.22 ± 20.25		14.48 ± 6.50		13.55 ± 6.84		14.12 ± 5.74		7.04 ± 3.64
	> 24	51.67 ± 21.36		15.63 ± 6.92		14.08 ± 7.52		14.96 ± 6.27		6.98 ± 3.44
Academic year	First	55.60 ± 22.49	0.025*	15.09 ± 6.80	0.706	15.85 ± 7.98	0.000*	14.50 ± 6.58	0.448	6.88 ± 3.70	0.642
	Second	47.46 ± 17.94		14.08 ± 5.95		13.25 ± 6.10		13.57 ± 5.20		6.55 ± 3.50
	Third	51.68 ± 22.42		16.06 ± 6.63		15.20 ± 8.29		15.78 ± 6.19		7.89 ± 3.55
	Fourth	48.88 ± 21.08		14.98 ± 6.55		13.54 ± 7.57		13.61 ± 5.75		6.74 ± 3.72
	Fifth/sixth	45.35 ± 16.55		13.97 ± 6.59		15.33 ± 7.87		13.71 ± 5.86		6.58 ± 3.33
	Master/PhD	53.80 ± 21.73		15.84 ± 7.07		11.07 ± 4.35		15.13 ± 6.03		7.31 ± 3.62
Grade point average	6.00–7.00	50.00 ± 14.79	0.169	16.00 ± 7.93	0.602	14.21 ± 6.77	0.734	13.85 ± 4.94	0.414	5.92 ± 3.02	0.363
	7.01–8.00	51.58 ± 20.87		15.03 ± 6.83		14.50 ± 7.26		15.08 ± 5.68		6.96 ± 3.41
	8.01–9.00	49.24 ± 21.88		14.85 ± 6.88		13.63 ± 7.35		13.81 ± 6.23		6.93 ± 3.67
	9.01–10.00	52.02 ± 20.25		15.22 ± 6.10		14.52 ± 7.69		14.97 ± 6.11		7.28 ± 3.65

The p-value was calculated using t-test and ANOVA for categorical variables. A statistically significant difference at p < 0.05.