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. 2024 Feb 26;12:96. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-01594-z

Table 2.

ITPCGA types in single-parent families (N = 550)

ITPCGA Types n (%)

Benign ITPCGA

240 (43.6%)

Normal to Normal

143 (26.0%)

Enlightened to Enlightened 93 (16.9)
Enlightened to Tradition 18 (3.3)
Tradition to Tradition 9 (1.6)
Tradition to Enlightened 23 (4.2)

Deviated to Normal

97 (17.6%)

Inversion to Enlightened 13 (2.4)
Inversion to Tradition 9 (1.6)
Neglect to Enlightened 52 (9.5)
Neglect to Tradition 23 (4.2)

Undesirable ITPCGA

310 (56.4%)

Normal to Deviated

104 (18.9%)

Enlightened to Inversion 14 (2.5)
Enlightened to Neglect 45 (8.2)
Tradition to Inversion 10 (1.8)
Tradition to Neglect 35 (6.4)

Deviated to Deviated

206 (37.5%)

Inversion to Inversion 12 (2.2)
Inversion to Neglect 31 (5.6)
Neglect to Inversion 27 (4.9)
Neglect to Neglect 136 (24.7)

Note: ITPCGA = intergenerational transmission of parental child-rearing gender-role attitudes