Table 5.

Overarching Theme 4, Subthemes, and Exemplar Quotes

Theme 4: Access to IPV support services in the community
Subtheme	Exemplar Quotes
1.5- and second-generation onward Arab Americans are perceived to experience more support from within the community when disclosing IPV compared to first-generation Arab immigrants.	“I feel like a big thing we have to look at too is generations. Back when my mother was younger...when the mom gets abused don’t say anything, stay with your husband…but now it’s all of their children, if that man beats you, you get the hell out. So, I feel like depending on how long they’ve been in the country, the generation, all that plays a huge factor.” (Stakeholder)
Arab American women with high educational attainment are able to seek IPV resources and leave violent intimate partners more easily than those with low educational attainment.	“I think that the women [who] are more educated, she knows[s] she can go to the court and ask for divorce, if she was educated herself and if she has self-confidence.” (Client)
Whether Arab American IPV survivors can turn to family and friends for support varies.	“I would not have reached the point that I did…but because I was afraid of him, and afraid for my parents well-being… I did not talk, but it reached the point…the beatings were showing on me always.” (Client)
	“Um, a lot of, uh families, eh, handle it well, where they, they put out into it and they talk to the guy and his family, but some other parents ‘oh, go back to your husband, deal with your issues’.” (Client)
	“She complain[s] to her parent, [but] they tell her, ‘this is your husband, no matter what, maybe you did something to him’.” (Client)
	“A friend will play a role…I knew someone, she confided in us so instead of her family, so we ended up going to a social worker to help her in school, so like a, maybe like how you said friends really help out when the…family likes to keep it quiet.” (Stakeholder)
Religious leaders have been promoting IPV awareness at Islamic community centers and have advised survivors and their families.	“The mosques have been doing a great job advising…in [Friday] prayer. They’ll say something about domestic violence…” (Stakeholder)
	“From my understanding…they go to the mosque and talk to someone there. That’s what the majority of people do, they go to the mosque, their dad will take them to the mosque, or their parents or somebody.” (Client)