Table 1.
Baseline Patient Demographic and Clinical Characteristics, Overall and by Diabetes Status, Toenail Onychomycosis Severity, and Prescription Onychomycosis Treatment Experience
| Overall | Diabetes Status | Toenail Onychomycosis Severity | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | Difference (p-value) | Mild/ Moderate | Severe | Difference (p-value) | ||
| n=313 | n=152 | n=161 | n=121 | n=192 | |||
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||
| Male sex, n (%) | 175 (55.9) | 78 (51.3) | 97 (60.2) | 0.14 | 67 (55.4) | 108 (56.2) | 0.97 |
| Age (years) | |||||||
| Mean, SD | 57.7 (14.7) | 56.1 (16.6) | 59.1 (12.5) | 0.07 | 56.4 (16.5) | 58.5 (13.4) | 0.23 |
| Median, IQR | 59.0 (50.0, 67.0) | 59.0 (44.8, 67.2) | 60.0 (52.0, 67.0) | 58.0 (46.0, 66.0) | 60.0 (51.0, 68.0) | ||
| Marital status, n (%) | |||||||
| Single | 76 (24.3) | 35 (23.0) | 41 (25.5) | 0.13 | 33 (27.3) | 43 (22.4) | 0.17 |
| Married/Common law | 185 (59.1) | 100 (65.8) | 85 (52.8) | 68 (56.2) | 117 (60.9) | ||
| Widowed/Divorced | 51 (16.3) | 17 (11.2) | 34 (21.1) | 20 (16.5) | 31 (16.1) | ||
| Gross household income ($ CAD) | |||||||
| $0 - $40,000 | 88 (28.1) | 31 (20.4) | 57 (35.4) | <0.01 | 28 (23.1) | 60 (31.2) | 0.20 |
| $40,000 - $60,000 | 62 (19.8) | 32 (21.1) | 30 (18.6) | 24 (19.8) | 38 (19.8) | ||
| $60,000 - $80,000 | 47 (15.0) | 22 (14.5) | 25 (15.5) | 15 (12.4) | 32 (16.7) | ||
| $80,000 + | 95 (30.4) | 60 (39.5) | 35 (21.7) | 43 (35.5) | 52 (27.1) | ||
| Prefer not to answer | 21 (6.7) | 7 (4.6) | 14 (8.7) | 11 (9.1) | 10 (5.2) | ||
| Clinical characteristics | |||||||
| Comorbid diabetes mellitus type I/II, n (%) | 161 (51.4) | 0 (0.0) | 161 (100.0) | <0.01 | 48 (39.7) | 113 (58.9) | <0.01 |
| Currently taking medication for diabetes | 152 (48.6) | 0 (0.0) | 152 (94.4) | 44 (36.4) | 108 (56.2) | ||
| Currently using toenail fungus prescription medication, n (%) | 113 (36.1) | 42 (27.6) | 71 (44.1) | <0.01 | 38 (31.4) | 75 (39.1) | 0.21 |
| Prescribed by family doctor | 97 (85.8) | 34 (81.0) | 63 (88.7) | 30 (78.9) | 67 (89.3) | ||
| Oral prescription | 26 (26.8) | 1 (2.9) | 25 (39.7) | 3 (10.0) | 23 (34.3) | ||
| Topical prescription | 86 (88.7) | 33 (97.1) | 53 (84.1) | 28 (93.3) | 58 (86.6) | ||
| Prescribed by dermatologist | 8 (7.1) | 3 (7.1) | 5 (7.0) | 4 (10.5) | 4 (5.3) | ||
| Oral prescription | 1 (12.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (25.0) | ||
| Topical prescription | 8 (100.0) | 3 (100.0) | 5 (100.0) | 4 (100.0) | 4 (100.0) | ||
| Prescribed by other | 8 (7.1) | 5 (11.9) | 3 (4.2) | 4 (10.5) | 4 (5.3) | ||
| Oral prescription | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Topical prescription | 8 (100.0) | 5 (100.0) | 3 (100.0) | 4 (100.0) | 4 (100.0) | ||
| Used toenail fungus prescription medication in the past, n (%) | 76 (24.3) | 46 (30.3) | 30 (18.6) | 0.02 | 30 (24.8) | 46 (24.0) | 0.97 |
| Prior use of oral prescription | 33 (43.4) | 23 (50.0) | 10 (33.3) | 7 (23.3) | 26 (56.5) | ||
| Prior use of topical prescription | 56 (73.7) | 33 (71.7) | 23 (76.7) | 23 (76.7) | 33 (71.7) | ||
| Time since diagnosis (years), mean (SD) | 11.0 (12.3) | 12.5 (13.7) | 9.5 (10.6) | 0.03 | 11.9 (14.8) | 10.5 (10.4) | 0.36 |
| Number of toenails affected, mean (SD) | 3.6 (2.6) | 3.4 (2.4) | 3.8 (2.7) | 0.14 | 2.9 (2.2) | 4.1 (2.7) | <0.01 |
| At least one big toenail affected, n (%) | 277 (88.5) | 129 (84.9) | 148 (91.9) | 0.07 | 106 (87.6) | 171 (89.1) | 0.83 |
| Big toenail most affected, n (%) | 264 (84.3) | 118 (77.6) | 146 (90.7) | <0.01 | 100 (82.6) | 164 (85.4) | 0.62 |
| Severity based on most affected toenail, n (%) | |||||||
| Mild (0 to 20%) | 7 (2.2) | 5 (3.3) | 2 (1.2) | <0.01 | 7 (5.8) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 |
| Moderate (21% to 60%) | 114 (36.4) | 68 (44.7) | 46 (28.6) | 114 (94.2) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Severe (61%+) | 192 (61.3) | 79 (52.0) | 113 (70.2) | 0 (0.0) | 192 (100.0) | ||
Note: Statistically significant p-values (<0.05) are bold.
Abbreviations: CAD, Canadian dollar; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.