Figure 2.

S-amlodipine induced hepatic inflammation and a shift in liver indexes in rats. (a) Representative pictures of liver sections after H&E, Oil Red O, or Sirius Red staining are shown in panels. Arrows indicate regions of lesions. (b-d) the histology score of the liver was evaluated (b), and the quantitation of the oil-red area (c) or the fibrosis area (d) was measured. Scale bars, 50 μm. N = 3 per group. (e) Volcano plot showing the comparative transcriptomic analysis (visualization of DEGs) of the liver in the S-AM-5 group versus the CK group. (f) KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs in the S-AM-5 group versus the CK group based on RNA-seq. The red squares represent significantly upregulated pathways, while blue squares represent significantly downregulated pathways. (g) The mRNA expression of inflammatory genes in the liver were detected by RT-qPCR. N = 5 per group. (h) The mRNA expression of Nfκb1, chemokine CCL2 and TLR4 genes in the liver were detected by RT-qPCR. N = 5 per group. (i-j) serum level of TNF-α (i), and IL-6 (j) were measured by ELISA. N = 5 per group. (k-n) the serum ALT (k), TG (l), Tch (m), and HDL-c (n) level in rats. N = 3 per group. (o) Hepatic MDA level. N = 5 per group. ALT, alanine transaminase; TG, triglycerides; Tch, total cholesterol; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. MDA, malondialdehyde. Significance was determined using t test analysis. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.