TABLE 3.

Critical Appraisal and Strengths and Weaknesses of Included Quantitative Articles Using the STROBE Tool

Appraisal Item	Choflet et al., 2021	Hurley et al., 2018	Stovall et al., 2021	Foli, Zhang, et al., 2021	Collins et al., 1999	Trinkoff & Storr, 1998a	Foli et al., 2020 a	Jordan et al., 2016	Trinkoff et al., 2022	Trinkoff & Storr, 1998b
Design	Cohort	Cross-sectional	Cross-sectional	Cross-sectional	Cross-sectional	Cross-sectional	Mixed methods	Cross-sectional	Cross-sectional	Cross-sectional
Introduction
Background/rationale provided	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Objectives stated	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Methods
Study design presented clearly	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Participant criteria and selection described	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Variables well defined	+	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-
Alcohol use measurement	Lab test, history	CDC guidelines	AUDIT-C	WHO ASSIST	Likert	5 + drinks	WHO ASSIST	5 + drinks & Likert	3 + drinks & DAST	5 + drinks
Instrument validity established	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-
Data sources described	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Bias addressed	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	+	+	+
Confounders discussed	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	-	+
Missing data discussed	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-
Power analysis	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Results
Descriptive data	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Outcome data	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Discussion
Clear results	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+
Limitations	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+

Note. + = yes; - = no; AUDIT-C = Alcohol Use Disorder IdentificationTest—Consumption; DAST = Drug Abuse Screening Test; STROBE = Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology; WHO ASSIST = World Health Organization Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement ScreeningTest.

^aFoli et al. (2020) was a mixed methods study with both quantitative and qualitative measurements.