Figure 3.

(A) Baseline BDNF levels in male and female participants in the study (mean ± SEM). Female participants had a significantly higher baseline BDNF than males (unpaired t test, p = 0.012). (B) Baseline and post-intervention serum BDNF levels for male (black circles) and female (open symbols) participants. Values are represented as mean ± SEM. Overall, female participants had higher BDNF levels than male participants. (C) Scatter dot plots showing average BDNF changes (± SEM) by gender for each intervention. No significant differences were found between male and females participants.