Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2024 Jan 11;43(3):362–390. doi: 10.1038/s44318-023-00009-w

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ applies to the data associated with this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data, but does not extend to the graphical or creative elements of illustrations, charts, or figures. This waiver removes legal barriers to the re-use and mining of research data. According to standard scholarly practice, it is recommended to provide appropriate citation and attribution whenever technically possible.

PMC Copyright notice

(A) LC3 (MAP1LC3A) and SQSTM1 protein levels in PBS- or NMN-treated hearts from WT and cAtg3-KO mice, n = 5–6 per group. Representative blots are shown. (B) Measurements of NAD⁺ related metabolites in hearts from WT and cAtg3-KO mice following PBS- or NMN administration, n = 5–7 per group. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison tests was used to determine statistical significance. Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05. (C) Citrate synthase (CS) activity measurement in hearts from WT and cAtg3-KO mice following PBS- or NMN administration, n = 5–7 per group. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison tests was used to determine statistical significance. Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05. (D) ATP, ADP, and AMP levels in PBS- or NMN-treated hearts from WT and cAtg3-KO mice. The quantitative analysis of metabolites was performed following extraction by methanol. n = 5–8 per group. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison tests was used to determine statistical significance. Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05. (E) NPPA and NPPB mRNA expression levels in hearts from WT and cAtg3-KO mice following PBS- or NMN administration, n = 5 per group. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison tests was used to determine statistical significance. Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05. (F) Fractional shortening determined in isoflurane-anesthetized mice following treatment with PBS or NMN n = 4–13 per group. Data are mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison tests was used to determine statistical significance. **P < 0.01. Data information: NMN was injected intraperitoneally to 3-week-old mice at 500 mg/kg/d for 7 days. Therefore, the data in this figure were obtained in 4-week-old mouse hearts. Relative to 16-week-old cAtg3-KO mouse hearts (Fig. 1H), 4-week-old cAtg3-KO mouse hearts do not show upregulation of NPPA. Although induction of NPPB is significant, the increment is relatively lower than that in 16-week-old cAtg3-KO mouse hearts (Fig. 1H). Source data are available online for this figure.