Table 4.
Laboratory parameters across RC Quartiles.
| Variables | RC levels quartiles, mg/dl | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||
| 2–12 (n = 1351, 27.76%) | 13–18 (n = 1144, 23.51%) | 19–27 (n = 1195, 24.56%) | 28–99 (n = 1176, 24.17%) | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.69 (25.66, 27.72) | 29.09 (28.46, 29.72) | 30.84 (29.91, 31.78) | 31.32 (30.45, 32.19) | < 0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 91.69 (89.39, 94.00) | 98.95 (97.66, 100.25) | 104.28 (101.85, 106.72) | 105.95 (103.62, 108.27) | < 0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 116.84 (115.32, 118.36) | 122.85 (121.51, 124.19) | 126.87 (123.86, 129.87) | 125.34 (123.78, 126.90) | < 0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 69.04 (67.67, 70.40) | 72.38 (71.11, 73.66) | 73.87 (71.69, 76.05) | 73.99 (73.00, 74.99) | < 0.0001 |
| Fasting insulin (uU/ml) | 8.66 (7.45, 9.87) | 10.85 (9.85, 11.85) | 16.10 (14.52, 17.68) | 16.97 (15.09, 18.86) | < 0.0001 |
| Plasma fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 101.89 (100.25, 103.54) | 103.94 (101.90, 105.99) | 111.62 (109.14, 114.09) | 122.62 (117.48, 127.75) | < 0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.39 (5.34, 5.45) | 5.49 (5.43, 5.55) | 5.75 (5.65, 5.85) | 6.01 (5.88, 6.14) | < 0.0001 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 21.92 (19.83, 24.01) | 21.59 (20.29, 22.88) | 22.99 (21.45, 24.53) | 21.63 (20.97, 22.30) | 0.36 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 19.41 (16.91, 21.91) | 21.40 (20.20, 22.59) | 25.08 (23.11, 27.05) | 25.44 (24.07, 26.82) | < 0.0001 |
| Gamma–glutamyl transferase (U/L) | 21.12 (18.41, 23.82) | 26.76 (22.30, 31.21) | 32.69 (29.85, 35.52) | 34.80 (32.25, 37.34) | < 0.0001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 46.74 (45.81, 47.68) | 76.97 (76.02, 77.92) | 112.26 (111.15, 113.36) | 219.35 (204.02, 234.67) | < 0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 169.54 (164.78, 174.29) | 180.51 (173.90, 187.13) | 190.02 (185.58, 194.46) | 206.01 (201.35, 210.68) | < 0.0001 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 62.39 (59.90, 64.89) | 56.71 (54.78, 58.65) | 51.82 (50.01, 53.62) | 44.35 (43.06, 45.64) | < 0.0001 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 97.84 (93.85, 101.84) | 108.42 (102.82, 114.02) | 115.74 (112.37, 119.12) | 118.71 (113.96, 123.45) | < 0.0001 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 4.12 (4.07, 4.17) | 4.03 (3.98, 4.08) | 4.00 (3.95, 4.04) | 4.01 (3.97, 4.06) | 0.002 |
| HS-CRP (mg/l) | 3.19 (2.24, 4.14) | 3.91 (3.00, 4.82) | 4.13 (3.70, 4.57) | 4.35 (3.43, 5.28) | 0.04 |
| WBC (1000 cells/uL) | 6.10 (5.84, 6.36) | 6.76 (6.57, 6.96) | 7.07 (6.81, 7.33) | 7.60 (7.32, 7.88) | < 0.0001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.00 (13.81, 14.18) | 14.28 (14.11, 14.44) | 14.35 (14.17, 14.53) | 14.56 (14.38, 14.75) | < 0.001 |
| Platelets (1000 cells/uL) | 229.43 (221.05, 237.80) | 240.60 (233.27, 247.93) | 243.88 (236.90, 250.85) | 244.96 (235.15, 254.77) | 0.01 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.59 (1.96, 3.22) | 2.92 (2.62, 3.21) | 4.82 (4.04, 5.61) | 5.58 (4.79, 6.37) | < 0.0001 |
| HOMA-IR (quartile) | < 0.0001 | ||||
| 0.12–1.58 | 47.78 (40.39, 55.17) | 32.55 (25.12, 39.98) | 18.50 (12.45, 24.55) | 11.45 (7.09, 15.81) | |
| 1.58–2.56 | 29.57 (24.63, 34.51) | 28.57 (22.13, 35.00) | 22.53 (16.97, 28.10) | 24.04 (18.38, 29.69) | |
| 2.56–4.59 | 13.01 (9.49, 16.53) | 26.44 (20.60, 32.27) | 29.85 (23.12, 36.58) | 26.84 (23.63, 30.06) | |
| 4.59–179.18 | 9.64 (4.43, 14.85) | 12.45 (8.40, 16.49) | 29.12 (24.20, 34.05) | 37.67 (31.81, 43.53) | |
| VCTE measurements | |||||
| CAP (dB/m) | 233.09 (227.85, 238.33) | 253.97 (250.18, 257.76) | 278.97 (273.01, 284.92) | 290.88 (285.31, 296.46) | < 0.0001 |
| LSM (kPa) | 5.34 (5.07, 5.61) | 5.31 (4.99, 5.63) | 6.08 (5.52, 6.63) | 6.23 (5.66, 6.80) | 0.03 |
| < 0.0001 | |||||
| CAP < 285 | 85.78 (81.54, 90.02) | 72.01 (68.81, 75.21) | 53.74 (48.06, 59.42) | 48.02 (42.31, 53.74) | |
| CAP ≥ 285/LSM < 8.6 | 8.69 (5.35, 12.03) | 15.42 (11.16, 19.68) | 22.68 (18.33, 27.03) | 24.19 (18.97, 29.41) | |
| CAP ≥ 285/LSM ≥ 8.6 | 5.53 (3.16, 7.90) | 12.57 (8.78, 16.36) | 23.58 (17.94, 29.22) | 27.79 (23.83, 31.76) | |
Weighted mean or percentage with 95% confidence intervals for continuous variables.
HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, type A1c; HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RC remnant cholesterol; HS-CRP hypersensitive-c-reactive-protein; WBC white blood cells; HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; CAP controlled attenuation parameter; LSM liver stiffness measure; VCTE vibration- controlled transient elastography.