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. 2024 Feb 26;15:1352. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-45440-7

Fig. 5. TYA-018 has comparable efficacy to empagliflozin in HFpEF model.

Fig. 5

a Schematic overview of study design. C57BL/6J mice with established HFpEF induced by HFD + L-NAME were randomized to receive oral dosing of vehicle, TYA-018 (15 mg/kg), or empagliflozin (10 mg/kg) once per day. b Quantitation of blood glucose at 6 h after dosing with TYA-018 or empagliflozin and fasting. Blood glucose (c) and area under the curve (d) of the intraperitoneal glucose-tolerance test (GTT) (n = 12 mice in each group). Heart function was measured with echocardiography every 3 weeks, and mice were euthanized after 9 weeks of treatment. Quantitation of (e) EF, (f) LV mass, (g) E/e’ and (h) E/A ratios by echocardiography and non-invasive Doppler after 9 weeks of treatment (n = 9 in control vehicle group, n = 12 in each of the other groups). Quantitation of EDP (i) by invasive intracardiac catheterization before euthanization at 9 weeks after treatment (Vehicle control n = 9, HFpEF-vehicle n = 10, HFpEF-TYA-018 n = 11, HFpEF-Empa n = 12). Quantitation of Nppb (j) and Col3a1 (k) mRNA in mouse hearts after 9 weeks of treatment (Vehicle control n = 9, HFpEF-vehicle n = 10, HFpEF-TYA-018 n = 11, HFpEF-Empa n = 12). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (b, d–k). The exact P values are shown in the figures. NS not significant. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.