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. 2024 Feb 5;43(4):533–567. doi: 10.1038/s44318-024-00030-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ applies to the data associated with this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data, but does not extend to the graphical or creative elements of illustrations, charts, or figures. This waiver removes legal barriers to the re-use and mining of research data. According to standard scholarly practice, it is recommended to provide appropriate citation and attribution whenever technically possible.

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(A) Selection of representative electron micrographs of the secretory pathway in cultured E16 hippocampal neurons from C57BL/6J and DDHD2^−/− mice at DIV21. Images show enlarged Golgi apparatus lumen (arrowheads) and dilated tubulo-vesicular ERGIC (arrows), as well as an accumulation of budding vesicles (open arrowheads) in the ERGIC of DDHD2^−/− neurons compared to C57BL/6J neurons. Mitochondria (Mt) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are indicated for reference. (B) A selection of representative maximum projections of cultured E16 hippocampal neurons from C57BL/6J and DDHD2^−/− mice at DIV21 immunostained against endogenous ERGIC53 (green) and stained with DAPI (blue). Arrows point at ERGIC53 distributed from the perinuclear space to the somatodendritic area. (C) Quantification of ERGIC53 mean grey intensity in C57BL/6J and DDHD2^−/− neurons. (D) A selection of representative maximum projection of cultured E16 hippocampal neurons from C57BL/6J and DDHD2^−/− mice at DIV21 immunostained against endogenous GM130 (magenta) and stained with DAPI (blue). (E) Quantification of GM130 mean grey intensity in C57BL/6J and DDHD2^−/− neurons. Data information: In (A), statistical testing of non-normally distributed data was done using Mann–Whitney U test. n = 30–53 regions of interest (ROIs) from 3 independent experiments, In (C, E), the significance of the difference between each group as determined by unpaired t-test is indicated as <0.0001, and the error bars represent the cumulative standard error of the mean (SEM) for all groups and parameters. n = 30–55 cells from 3 independent experiments.