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. 1998 Jul;18(7):3907–3914. doi: 10.1128/mcb.18.7.3907

TABLE 1.

Genotoxic agent effects on DNA structure, DNA repair, and transcription

Genotoxic agent DNA adduct Bendinga (major groove)(°) Repairb Transcription inhibitionc Transcription factor bindingc
Toxicityd
TFIIH (p62) TFIID (TBP)
CDDP 1,2-d(GpG) 32–58 + (NER) + + + +++
1,3-d(GpXpG) 20–35 ++ (NER) NDe + ±
TDDP 1,3-d(GpXpG) 26 ++ (NER) ± + ± ±
Dach 1,2-d(GpG) ND + (NER) + + + +++
1,3-d(GpXpG) 20–35 ++ (NER) ND + ±
Dien 1N7G  0 + (NER) ±
AAF 1C8G ND ++ (NER) + + + ND
MMS 1N7G ND +++ (BER) +++
EtAz ND + (NER)/+ (BER) ± + ND
UVC T-T 30 ++ (NER) + + + +++
a

Bending angle was calculated by nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, and gel shift assay (3, 27, 43). 

b

+ to +++, lowest to highest level, respectively. 

c

+, inhibition or binding; −, no inhibition or binding; ±, mixed result. 

d

+++, highly cytotoxic; ±, weakly cytotoxic; −, no effect. The sensitivity of HeLa cells to the genotoxic agents used in this study was assessed by colony formation assay. 

e

ND, not determined.