Table 1.
Preoperative characteristics for patients undergoing CABG among Michigan centers stratified by use of agreed-upon cardiotomy suction practices during the whole study period
| Variables | Overall (n = 10,394) |
Nonadoption of agreed-upon practices (n = 2008) |
Adoption of agreed-upon practices (n = 8386) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 67.0 [60.0, 73.0] | 67.0 [60.0, 73.0] | 67.0 [60.0, 73.0] | .40 |
| Body surface area, m2 | 2.1 [1.9, 2.2] | 2.1 [1.9, 2.3] | 2.1 [1.9, 2.2] | .56 |
| Female | 2385 (22.9) | 458 (22.8) | 1927 (23.0) | .89 |
| Race | .03 | |||
| Black | 531 (5.1) | 126 (6.3) | 405 (4.8) | |
| Asian | 92 (0.9) | 20 (1.0) | 72 (0.9) | |
| White and other | 9771 (94.0) | 1862 (92.7) | 7909 (94.3) | |
| Ejection fraction | 57.0 [48.0, 61.0] | 58.0 [48.0, 62.5] | 57.0 [48.0, 61.0] | .49 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.0 [0.83, 1.2] | 1.00 [0.86, 1.20] | 0.99 [0.83, 1.18] | .02 |
| Hematocrit | 40.4 [36.9, 43.7] | 40.4 [37.1, 43.7] | 40.4 [36.8, 43.7] | .85 |
| White blood cell count, thousands | 8.00 (3.10) | 7.93 (3.28) | 8.01 (3.05) | .30 |
| Shock | 194 (1.9) | 24 (1.2) | 170 (2.0) | .02 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 613 (5.9) | 139 (6.9) | 474 (5.7) | .03 |
| Cardiac presentation at admission | <.001 | |||
| No symptom | 437 (4.2) | 72 (3.6) | 365 (4.4) | |
| Stable angina | 1289 (12.4) | 184 (9.2) | 1105 (13.2) | |
| Unstable angina | 3847 (37.0) | 867 (43.2) | 2980 (35.5) | |
| Non-STEMI | 2964 (28.5) | 508 (25.3) | 2456 (29.3) | |
| Other (includes STEMI) | 1857 (17.9) | 377 (18.8) | 1480 (17.6) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 2805 (27.0) | 555 (27.6) | 2250 (26.8) | .48 |
| Stroke | 856 (8.2) | 152 (7.6) | 704 (8.4) | .25 |
| Diabetes and control method | .56 | |||
| Insulin diabetes | 1993 (19.2) | 368 (18.3) | 1625 (19.4) | |
| Noninsulin diabetes | 3095 (29.8) | 605 (30.1) | 2490 (29.7) | |
| Other or no diabetes | 5306 (51.0) | 1035 (51.5) | 4271 (50.9) | |
| New York Heart Association class III/IV | 1023 (9.8) | 169 (8.4) | 854 (10.2) | .02 |
| Home oxygen | 161 (1.5) | 45 (2.2) | 116 (1.4) | .01 |
| Recent pneumonia | 207 (2.0) | 39 (1.9) | 168 (2.0) | .93 |
| Recent smoker | 2282 (22.0) | 441 (22.0) | 1841 (22.0) | 1.00 |
| Hypertension | 9507 (91.5) | 1873 (93.3) | 7634 (91.0) | .00 |
| Immunosuppressive therapy | 430 (4.1) | 88 (4.4) | 342 (4.1) | .58 |
| Left main disease | 2334 (22.5) | 656 (32.7) | 1678 (20.0) | <.001 |
| Liver disease | 317 (3.0) | 70 (3.5) | 247 (2.9) | .23 |
| Myocardial infarction within 7 d | 3016 (29.0) | 492 (24.5) | 2524 (30.1) | <.001 |
| Number of diseased vessels | .11 | |||
| One or fewer | 253 (2.4) | 46 (2.3) | 207 (2.5) | |
| Two | 1870 (18.0) | 330 (16.4) | 1540 (18.4) | |
| Three | 8271 (79.6) | 1632 (81.3) | 6639 (79.2) | |
| Previous cardiac intervention | 3620 (34.8) | 692 (34.5) | 2928 (34.9) | .72 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention within 6 h | 63 (0.6) | 16 (0.8) | 47 (0.6) | .29 |
| Preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump or inotropes | 717 (6.9) | 94 (4.7) | 623 (7.4) | <.001 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 1581 (15.2) | 332 (16.5) | 1249 (14.9) | .071 |
| Dialysis | 257 (2.5) | 44 (2.2) | 213 (2.5) | .41 |
| Status | .03 | |||
| Elective | 4032 (38.8) | 832 (41.4) | 3200 (38.2) | |
| Urgent | 6128 (59.0) | 1133 (56.4) | 4995 (59.6) | |
| Emergent | 232 (2.2) | 43 (2.1) | 189 (2.3) | |
| Anticoagulants within 48 h | 5144 (49.5) | 879 (43.8) | 4265 (50.9) | <.001 |
Values are median (interquartile range) or n (%). STEMI, ST-Elevation myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting.