Table 2. Awareness regarding NAFLD among the adult population of Jazan.
NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, BMI: body mass index, CT: computed tomography, MR: magnetic resonance, USG: ultrasound sonography
| Characteristic | N = 1,0341 |
| Have you or someone you know ever been diagnosed with NAFLD? | |
| Yes* | 97 (9.4%) |
| No | 732 (71%) |
| I don’t remember | 205 (20%) |
| NAFLD is characterized by the accumulation of……… | |
| Fats in heart | 8 (0.8%) |
| Fats in the liver* | 639 (62%) |
| I don’t know | 359 (35%) |
| Oil in liver | 28 (2.7%) |
| Do you think NAFLD can only occur if it runs in the family? | |
| Agree | 174 (17%) |
| Disagree* | 352 (34%) |
| I don’t know | 508 (49%) |
| Do you think healthy eating habits can prevent NAFLD? | |
| Agree* | 708 (68%) |
| Disagree | 76 (7.4%) |
| I don’t know | 250 (24%) |
| People with low blood pressure are at higher risk of NAFLD. | |
| Agree | 244 (24%) |
| Disagree* | 151 (15%) |
| I don’t know | 639 (62%) |
| Diabetes is related to NAFLD | |
| Agree* | 362 (35%) |
| Disagree | 131 (13%) |
| I don’t know | 541 (52%) |
| Only adults are prone to the development of NAFLD. | |
| Agree | 291 (28%) |
| Disagree* | 208 (20%) |
| I don’t know | 535 (52%) |
| How many stages can occur in NAFLD disease? | |
| 2 | 70 (6.8%) |
| 3 | 171 (17%) |
| 4* | 119 (12%) |
| I don’t know | 674 (65%) |
| What is the most commonly presented symptom of NAFLD? | |
| Fatigue and lethargy* | 194 (19%) |
| Headache | 24 (2.3%) |
| Nausea and vomiting | 297 (29%) |
| I don’t know | 519 (50%) |
| Which methods are helpful for doctors to diagnose NAFLD? | |
| Blood tests | 63 (6.1%) |
| BMI | 45 (4.4%) |
| Imaging techniques | 94 (9.1%) |
| All of these* | 477 (46%) |
| I don’t know | 355 (34%) |
| What is the standard method for definite diagnosis of NAFLD? | |
| CT | 70 (6.8%) |
| Liver biopsy* | 330 (32%) |
| MR | 75 (7.3%) |
| USG | 47 (4.5%) |
| I don’t know | 512 (50%) |
| What is the standard method for definite treatment of NAFLD? | |
| Angioplasty | 50 (4.8%) |
| Laparoscopy | 127 (12%) |
| Surgical intervention | 157 (15%) |
| None* | 81 (7.8%) |
| I don’t know | 619 (60%) |
| NAFLD can cause... in the liver | |
| Inflammation* | 795 (77%) |
| Injury | 341 (33%) |
| Swelling | 691 (67%) |
| What can be the associated complications of NAFLD? | |
| Liver cancer* | 106 (10%) |
| End-stage liver disease* | 406 (39%) |
| Brain tumor | 15 (1.5%) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 73 (7.1%) |
| Skeletal dysfunction | 12 (1.2%) |
| I don’t know | 422 (41%) |
| What are the common risk factors associated with NAFLD? | |
| Obesity* | 483 (47%) |
| Metabolic disorders* | 416 (40%) |
| Diabetes mellitus* | 316 (31%) |
| Parkinson’s disease | 111 (11%) |
| Dermatitis | 117 (11%) |
| I don’t know | 460 (44%) |
| Do you think NAFLD can be prevented? | |
| Yes* | 431 (42%) |
| No | 94 (9.1%) |
| I don’t know | 509 (49%) |
| Do you think NAFLD can be cured? | |
| Yes* | 521 (50%) |
| No | 85 (8.2%) |
| I don’t know | 428 (41%) |
| Can NAFLD be life-threatening? | |
| Yes* | 551 (53%) |
| No | 72 (7.0%) |
| I don’t know | 411 (40%) |
| 1n (%), *correct answer | |