Table 3.
Opioid use characteristics by latent class membership.
| Variable | Overall Sample n 10,928 |
Asymptomatic n (%) 8351 (71.6) |
Tolerance/Time n (%) 1088 (14.5) |
Loss of Control/ Pharmacological n (%) 615 (5.7) |
Social Impairment n (%) 255 (2.6) |
Pervasive n (%) 619 (5.6) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opioid misuse | |||||||
| Heroin and prescription opioids | 784 (7.2) | 173 (2.1) | 78 (7.2) | 144 (23.4) | 40 (15.7) | 349 (56.4) | <0.0001 |
| Heroin use only | 105 (<1.0) | 51 (0.6) | 17 (1.6) | 9 (1.5) | 7 (2.7) | 21 (3.4) | |
| Prescription opioid use only | 10,039 (91.9) | 8127 (97.3) | 993 (91.3) | 462 (75.1) | 208 (81.6) | 249 (40.2) | |
| Opioid misuse, days per month | |||||||
| 0 | 7601 (69.6) | 6311 (75.6) | 603 (55.4) | 274 (44.6) | 151 (59.2) | 262 (42.3) | <0.0001 |
| 1–2 | 1386 (12.7) | 1132 (13.6) | 132 (12.1) | 46 (7.5) | 32 (12.5) | 44 (7.1) | |
| 3–5 | 776 (7.1) | 514 (6.2) | 136 (12.5) | 54 (8.8) | 24 (9.4) | 48 (7.8) | |
| 6–19 | 659 (6.0) | 283 (3.4) | 129 (11.9) | 104 (16.9) | 29 (11.4) | 114 (18.4) | |
| 20–30 | 506 (4.6) | 111 (1.3) | 88 (8.1) | 137 (22.3) | 19 (7.5) | 151 (24.4) | |
| OUD severity | |||||||
| No OUD | 8400 (76.9) | 8351 (100) | 49 (4.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | <0.0001 |
| Mild | 1063 (9.7) | 0 | 977 (89.8) | 0 | 86 (33.7) | 0 | |
| Moderate | 507 (4.6) | 0 | 62 (5.7) | 335 (54.5) | 110 (43.1) | 0 | |
| Severe | 958 (8.8) | 0 | 0 | 280 (45.5) | 59 (23.1) | 619 (100) | |
| Mean No. of OUD symptoms (range) | 1.3 (0, 11) | 0.2 (0, 1) | 2.4 (1, 4) | 5.4 (4, 8) | 4.2 (2, 7) | 9.1 (6, 11) | <0.0001 |
No.=number; OUD=opioid use disorder