Table 4.
Associations between PRS and AD-related phenotypes
| Model 1 (Age, Sex, Education, PC1, PC2) |
Model 2 (Age, Sex, Education, PC1, PC2, APOEε4) |
Model 3 (Age, Sex, Education, PC1, PC2, APOEε4, APOEε2) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta (noAPOE, adjLD) | p value (noAPOE, adjLD) | Beta (noAPOE, adjLD) | p value (noAPOE, adjLD) | Beta (noAPOE, adjLD) | p value (noAPOE, adjLD) | |
| 4a CSF biomarker | ||||||
| All subjects | ||||||
| tTau/Aβ42 | 0.167, 0.159 | 0.017a, 0.017a | 0.149, 0.146 | 0.058, 0.053 | 0.163, 0.156 | 0.040a, 0.039a |
| pTau/Aβ42 | 0.200, 0.168 | 0.004b, 0.011b | 0.188, 0.154 | 0.013a, 0.033a | 0.189, 0.155 | 0.013a, 0.032a |
| CU subjects | ||||||
| tTau/Aβ42 | -0.082, 0.204 | 0.804, 0.522 | -0.050, 0.265 | 0.888, 0.435 | -0.131, 0.194 | 0.717, 0.579 |
| pTau/Aβ42 | -0.143, -0.010 | 0.488, 0.960 | -0.134, 0.014 | 0.545, 0.948 | -0.178, -0.029 | 0.430, 0.895 |
| MCI subjects | ||||||
| tTau/Aβ42 | 0.292, 0.277 | 0.025a, 0.032a | 0.294, 0.290 | 0.043a, 0.043a | 0.295, 0.292 | 0.044a, 0.044a |
| pTau/Aβ42 | 0.363, 0.318 | 0.004b, 0.011a | 0.396, 0.355 | 0.006a, 0.013a | 0.396, 0.357 | 0.007a, 0.014a |
| ADD patients | ||||||
| tTau/Aβ42 | -0.054, -0.042 | 0.665, 0.703 | -0.053, -0.043 | 0.682, 0.703 | 0.026, 0.006 | 0.854, 0.959 |
| pTau/Aβ42 | 0.066, 0.018 | 0.577, 0.866 | 0.070, 0.019 | 0.565, 0.862 | 0.084, 0.028 | 0.485, 0.796 |
| 4b Brain volume | ||||||
| All subjects | ||||||
| Entorhinal | -0.014, -0.024 | 0.776, 0.622 | -0.008, -0.018 | 0.869, 0.714 | -0.010, -0.019 | 0.836, 0.699 |
| Hippocampus | -0.109, -0.115 | 0.042, 0.033 | -0.101, -0.106 | 0.087, 0.073 | -0.101, -0.106 | 0.088, 0.073 |
| CU subjects | ||||||
| Entorhinal | 0.032, 0.024 | 0.512, 0.626 | 0.033, 0.024 | 0.509, 0.626 | 0.036, 0.033 | 0.495, 0.529 |
| Hippocampus | 0.041, -0.010 | 0.758, 0.943 | 0.041, -0.010 | 0.760, 0.942 | 0.043, -0.016 | 0.754, 0.908 |
| MCI subjects | ||||||
| Entorhinal | -0.355, -0.357 | 0.150, 0.156 | -0.335, -0.344 | 0.180, 0.176 | -0.332, -0.341 | 0.184, 0.180 |
| Hippocampus | -0.064, -0.082 | 0.505, 0.407 | -0.041, -0.071 | 0.694, 0.505 | -0.043, -0.073 | 0.684, 0.497 |
| ADD patients | ||||||
| Entorhinal | 0.108, -0.078 | 0.745, 0.811 | 0.084, -0.089 | 0.801, 0.788 | 0.112, -0.070 | 0.739, 0.832 |
| Hippocampus | -0.043, -0.055 | 0.755, 0.688 | -0.080, -0.072 | 0.574, 0.609 | -0.069, -0.064 | 0.633, 0.652 |
| 4c PET imaging | ||||||
| All subjects | ||||||
| FDG (positive) | 0.180, 0.193 | 0.189, 0.149 | 0.162, 0.174 | 0.260, 0.218 | 0.162, 0.172 | 0.262, 0.224 |
| PiB (positive) | 0.386, 0.359 | 0.024a, 0.030 | 0.446, 0.417 | 0.025a, 0.030 | 0.442, 0.412 | 0.027, 0.033 |
| CU subjects | ||||||
| FDG (positive) | -0.119, -0.070 | 0.729, 0.839 | -0.109, -0.064 | 0.753, 0.852 | -0.109, -0.061 | 0.755, 0.860 |
| PiB (positive) | 0.037, 0.068 | 0.923, 0.858 | 0.072, 0.221 | 0.874, 0.620 | 0.059, 0.194 | 0.899, 0.671 |
| MCI subjects | ||||||
| FDG (positive) | 0.020, 0.053 | 0.942, 0.845 | 0.038, 0.077 | 0.892, 0.787 | 0.040, 0.076 | 0.888, 0.791 |
| PiB (positive) | 0.201, 0.175 | 0.489, 0.552 | 0.299, 0.320 | 0.432, 0.407 | 0.303, 0.327 | 0.433, 0.405 |
| ADD patients | ||||||
| FDG (positive) | -0.395, -0.232 | 0.357, 0.542 | -0.390, -0.232 | 0.366, 0.545 | -0.352, -0.195 | 0.417, 0.611 |
| PiB (positive) | -0.716, -0.777 | 0.313, 0.196 | -0.747, -0.935 | 0.314, 0.133 | -0.716, -0.915 | 0.338, 0.146 |
| 4d Neuropsychological test | ||||||
| All subjects | ||||||
| ADAS | 0.171, 0.127 | 0.001b, 0.008b | 0.163, 0.117 | 0.002b, 0.019a | 0.164, 0.116 | 0.002b, 0.019a |
| CDRSB | 0.188, 0.167 | 6.29 × 10−5b, 0.001b | 0.182, 0.160 | 1.78 × 10−4b, 0.003b | 0.182, 0.160 | 1.84 × 10−4b, 0.003b |
| FAQ | 0.166, 0.168 | 3.93 × 10−4b, 3.58 × 10−4b | 0.159, 0.161 | 0.001b, 0.001b | 0.159, 0.161 | 0.001b, 0.001b |
| MMSE | -0.160, -0.149 | 0.001b, 0.002b | -0.152, -0.141 | 0.002b, 0.005b | -0.152, -0.141 | 0.002b, 0.005b |
| CU subjects | ||||||
| ADAS | -0.118, 0.045 | 0.592, 0.837 | -0.119, 0.045 | 0.591, 0.837 | -0.111, 0.057 | 0.617, 0.795 |
| CDRSB | -1.178, -0.835 | 0.152, 0.305 | -1.208, -0.883 | 0.152, 0.290 | -1.217, -0.896 | 0.150, 0.284 |
| FAQ | 0.291, 0.359 | 0.473, 0.368 | 0.294, 0.359 | 0.470, 0.369 | 0.287, 0.349 | 0.483, 0.385 |
| MMSE | -0.153, -0.228 | 0.454, 0.258 | -0.153, -0.229 | 0.459, 0.258 | -0.140, -0.212 | 0.503, 0.303 |
| MCI subjects | ||||||
| ADAS | 0.194, 0.193 | 0.098, 0.107 | 0.176, 0.185 | 0.147, 0.136 | 0.182, 0.192 | 0.133, 0.123 |
| CDRSB | 0.146, 0.162 | 0.289, 0.251 | 0.144, 0.160 | 0.297, 0.256 | 0.149, 0.166 | 0.280, 0.241 |
| FAQ | 0.119, 0.145 | 0.239, 0.161 | 0.121, 0.146 | 0.233, 0.159 | 0.118, 0.143 | 0.246, 0.168 |
| MMSE | -0.065, -0.062 | 0.604, 0.626 | -0.055, -0.056 | 0.661, 0.664 | -0.045, -0.046 | 0.720, 0.722 |
| ADD patients | ||||||
| ADAS | -0.048, -0.026 | 0.719, 0.844 | -0.057, -0.029 | 0.671, 0.824 | -0.057, -0.029 | 0.672, 0.826 |
| CDRSB | 0.102, 0.063 | 0.290, 0.501 | 0.109, 0.066 | 0.260, 0.485 | 0.097, 0.060 | 0.318, 0.528 |
| FAQ | 0.078, 0.056 | 0.327, 0.472 | 0.093, 0.062 | 0.248, 0.430 | 0.088, 0.060 | 0.275, 0.450 |
| MMSE | 0.036, 0.045 | 0.794, 0.734 | 0.031, 0.044 | 0.823, 0.746 | 0.033, 0.045 | 0.810, 0.740 |
β estimates and p value were calculated by a linear regression model. P value was corrected in each subject group. Statistically significance was highlighted in bold
aFDR < 0.05
bFDR < 0.01