Serafetinides 1972.

Methods	Randomisation: randomly assigned, no further details. Allocation: procedure not described. Blinding: double, all medications prepared in identically appearing capsules. Duration: 12 weeks. Design: parallel. Location: single centre. Setting: inpatients.
Participants	Diagnosis: chronic schizophrenia, clinical diagnosis. N = 28. Gender: 25 M, 32 F. Age: mean 41.5 years. History: duration stable ‐ n.i., duration ill ‐ mean 15 years, number of previous hospitalisations ‐ 10.5, age at onset ‐ mean 26.5 years, severity of illness ‐ n.i., baseline antipsychotic dose ‐ n.i.,
Interventions	1. Haloperidol: flexible dose, allowed dose range n.i., mean dose 12.3 mg/day. N = 14. 2. Chlorpromazine: flexible dose, allowed dose range n.i., mean dose 830 mg/day. N = 14. Other medication: concomitant medications for Parkinsonism, bedtime sedation.
Outcomes	Response to treatment: CGI Scale (no definition). Relapse. Leaving the study early. Adverse effects: at least one movement disorder, adverse effects ‐ other (ankle oedema, constipation, excitement, photosensitivity, sedation, weight gain, weight loss). Unable to use: Mental state: BPRS (incomplete data). Global state: CGI scale for Severity of Illness and Severity of Improvement (incomplete data). Behaviour: NOSIE, OBRS (all analysed by single items, no total score). Cognitive: Purdue Pegboard Test, Digit Symbol test (incomplete data)
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Randomly assigned, no further details.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Procedure not described.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double, all medications prepared in identically appearing capsules.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double, all medications prepared in identically appearing capsules.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	3 out of 14 participants in the CPZ group (21%) left the study early due to worsening and were not included in the final analysis (completers only). No participant from the HAL group left the study early.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Incomplete data for BPRS, NOSIE and OBRS (no SD´s).
Other bias	Low risk	No evidence for other bias.