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. 2023 Nov 14;19(1):2278235. doi: 10.1080/15476278.2023.2278235

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

The multiple cell therapies for cartilage repair. This schematic depicts the multiple cell types and uses for cartilage defect repair. Here, we begin with autologous chondrocytes as seen in ACI and MACI. Then we move to stem cells, primarily MSCs and iPscs, which can be differentiated into chondrocytes and used in IA injection and matrices. The future of cell therapy focuses primarily with synthetically engineered chondrocytes or stem cell-derived chondrocytes for cartilage regeneration.