Table 3.
Measurement Characteristics Stratified by 4 Cardiovascular Risk Groups According to the Pooled Cohort Equation (< 5% [low Risk]; 5% to < 7.5% [Borderline Risk]; ≥ 7.5% to <20% [Intermediate Risk]; and ≥ 20% [High Risk])
| Measurement | Total (n = 49 229) | Low (n = 20 365) | Borderline (n = 6091) | Intermediate (n = 13 612) | High (n = 2852) | P for Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Artery | ||||||
| AVR (large), mean ± VSD | 0.88 ± 0.04 | 0.89 ± 0.04 | 0.88 ± 0.04 | 0.88 ± 0.04 | 0.87 ± 0.05 | < 0.001 |
| AVR (medium), mean ± VSD | 0.95 ± 0.02 | 0.96 ± 0.02 | 0.95 ± 0.02 | 0.95 ± 0.02 | 0.95 ± 0.02 | < 0.001 |
| AVR (small), mean ± SD | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | < 0.001 |
| VSD (large), median (IQR) | 1309.14 (1091–1507.26) | 1328.3 (1125.57–1521.93) | 1302.37 (1081.57–1503.33) | 1288.48 (1061.47–1493.98) | 1262.66 (1022.87–1475.94) | < 0.001 |
| VSD (medium), median (IQR) | 1225.07 (989.36–1453.19) | 1269.52 (1048.29–1488.2) | 1207.38 (965.79–1438.03) | 1178.73 (941.8–1414.27) | 1126.79 (867.41–1367.37) | < 0.001 |
| VSD (small), median (IQR) | 1033.79 (579.52–1428.98) | 1195.97 (730.71–1538.06) | 1005.5 (556.74–1394.04) | 881.7 (482.68–1294.94) | 723.4 (388.87–1147.47) | < 0.001 |
| Vein | ||||||
| AVR (large), mean ± SD | 0.88 ± 0.04 | 0.89 ± 0.04 | 0.88 ± 0.04 | 0.88 ± 0.04 | 0.87 ± 0.05 | < 0.001 |
| AVR (medium), mean ± VSD | 0.95 ± 0.02 | 0.96 ± 0.02 | 0.95 ± 0.02 | 0.95 ± 0.02 | 0.95 ± 0.02 | < 0.001 |
| AVR (small), mean ± SD | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | < 0.001 |
| VSD (large), median (IQR) | 1398.54 (1218.09–1572.3) | 1382.42 (1216.47–1544.02) | 1396.83 (1208.81–1575.79) | 1421.64 (1224.57–1599.98) | 1429.42 (1215.38–1627.21) | < 0.001 |
| VSD (medium), median (IQR) | 1393.39 (1103.81–1634.06) | 1427.75 (1165.02–1652.04) | 1375.23 (1063.09–1623.85) | 1361.48 (1059.88–1617.05) | 1323.22 (1018.74–1594.37) | < 0.001 |
| VSD (small), median (IQR) | 1112.11 (662.04–1504.93) | 1243.33 (789.98–1587.74) | 1080.47 (637.27–1463.44) | 979.68 (572.7–1407.3) | 866.28 (497.96–1288.75) | < 0.001 |
AVR = arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio; IQR = interquartile range; SD = standard deviation; VSD = vessel skeleton density.
P value for trend was examined by fitting a linear model for the risk categories and retinal measurements.