Table 1.
Characteristics of studies included in the systematic review.
| References | Country/Region | Type of publication | No. patients | Age (SD) | Male % | BMI (SD) | Stage system | Fibrosis 0/1 | F1 | F0-F1-F2% | F2 | F2-F3-F4% | F3 | F3-F4% | F4 | Serological biomarkers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abe et al. (18) | Japan | Article | 289 | 54.8 ± 14 | 55 | 27.6 ± 4.7 | Brunt | 12.1 | 39.1 | 68.1 | 16.9 | 49.3 | 14.8 | 32.4 | 17.6 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| Adams et al. (19) | Australia | Abstract | 119 | 48.7 ± 13 | 54 | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | 41.0 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | APRI, Hepa score, FibroTest |
| Adams et al. (20) | Australia/Italy | Article | 242 | 46.8 ± 12 | 60.3 | 30.2 ± 6 | Kleiner and Brunt | 35.9 | 23.9 | 78.0 | 18.1 | 40.1 | 12.3 | 22.0 | 9.5 | FIB-4, APRI, Hepa score, FibroTest, BARD score |
| Ahmed et al. (21) | United States | Abstract | 771 | ? | ? | ? | Batts Ludwig | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI |
| Aida et al. (22) | Japan | Article | 148 | 61 ± 12 | 36 | 26.9 ± 1.25 | Kleiner and Brunt | 18.9 | 34.4 | 71.5 | 18.2 | 46.4 | 16.8 | 28.2 | 11.4 | FIB-4, APRI |
| Alkhouri et al. (23) | United States | Abstract | 78 | 30 ± 9 | 32 | ? | ? | 35 | 42 | 80 | 13 | 23 | 10 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS | ||
| Anam et al. (24) | ? | Abstract | 40 | ? | ? | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | 40.9 | 27 | 80 | 12.1 | 32.1 | 10.7 | 20 | 9.3 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, FibroMeter, BARD score |
| Angelidi et al. (25) | Greece | Article | 110 | 60.1 ± 9.5 | 52.7 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Angulo et al. (26) | United States/United Kingdom/Italy/ Australia |
Article | 1,014 | 46.9 ± 0.4 | 58 | 31.3 ± 0.2 | Kleiner and Brunt | 34.6 | 24.7 | 73.2 | 13.9 | 40.5 | 15.8 | 26.6 | 10.8 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Angulo et al. (27) | United States/United Kingdom/Italy/ Australia |
Article | 733 | 47.7 ± 13.2 | 52.2 | 32.3 ± 0. | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | 26.0 | 72.9 | 13.6 | 40.7 | 13.0 | 27.1 | 14.1 | NFS |
| Anstee et al. (28) | United States/Europe | Article | 3,202 | 57.5 ± 5.6 | 47 | ? | ? | 26 | 29 | 100 | 45 | 145 | 43 | 100 | 57 | FIB-4, NFS, ELF |
| Amernia et al. (29) | Iran | Article | 205 | 42.9 ± 10.9 | 70.2 | ? | ? | ? | 45.9 | 78.6 | 32.7 | 54.1 | 14.1 | 21.4 | 7.3 | FIB-4, APRI |
| Arora et al. (30) | United States | Article | 141 | 56 ± 4.3 | 65 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Aykut et al. (31) | Turkey | Article | 88 | 46 ± 9 | 56 | 30.3 ± 4.6 | Kleiner and Brunt | 26.0 | 24.0 | 69.0 | 19.0 | 50.0 | 21.0 | 31.0 | 10.0 | NFS, FibroMeter |
| Balakrishnan et al. (32) | United States | Abstract | 122 | 47 ± 9 | 20 | 34 ± 7.5 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Balakrishnan et al.(33) | United States | Article | 99 | 46.8 ± 11.5 | 26.3 | 32.4 ± 6.8 | Brunt | 46.3 | 38.3 | 90.7 | 44.4 | 63.6 | 8.1 | 19.2 | 11.1 | BARD score, FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| Barritt et al. (34) | United States | Abstract | 859 | 57 ± 9 | 38 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | APRI, NFS |
| Boursier et al. (35) | France | Article | 588 | 55.9 ± 12 | 57.3 | 31.7 ± 5.8 | Kleiner and Brunt | 9 | 25.9 | 61.5 | 26.5 | 63.3 | 24.8 | 38.6 | 13.8 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, FibroMeter, Hepa score, FibroTest, BARD score |
| Boursier et al. (36) | France | Abstract | 618 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | NFS, FibroMeter |
| Boursier et al. (37) | France | Article | 938 | 56.5 ± 12.1 | 58.5 | 31.8 ± 5.8 | ? | 9.5 | 22.8 | 69.2 | 26.9 | 57.7 | 27.4 | 30.8 | 13.4 | FIB-4, NFS, FibroTest, FibroMeter, Hepascore |
| Brandman et al. (38) | United States | Abstract | 1,483 | 50 ± 10 | 36 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 10 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Bril et al. (39) | United States | Article | 162 | 57 ± 9 | 82 | 34.7 ± 4.6 | Kleiner and Brunt | 25.1 | 41.7 | 83.5 | 16.5 | 33.1 | 12.5 | 16.5 | 3.9 | FibroTest |
| Broussier et al. (40) | France | Article | 283 | 56.5 ± 10 | 53.4 | 32.9 ± 6.6 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 54.8 | ? | FIB-4, FibroMeter |
| Cales et al. (41) | France | Article | 235 | 51.1 ± 11 | 74.5 | 28.7 ± 4.9 | ? | 28.9 | 81.2 | 8.9 | 27.7 | 8.1 | 18.7 | 10.6 | APRI, NFS, FibroMeter | |
| Cales et al. (42) | France | Article | 226 | 50.9 ± 10.8 | 75.2 | 28.7 ± 4.9 | Kleiner and Brunt | 26.1 | 29.7 | 77.5 | 21.6 | 44.5 | 16.2 | 22.5 | 6.3 | NFS, FibroMeter |
| Cebreiros et al. (43) | Spain | Abstract | 55 | 43.9 ± 12 | 24.6 | 49.9 | Metavir | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FibroMeter, ELF |
| Cengiz et al. (44) | Turkey | Article | 123 | 49 ± 11 | 56.1 | 29.5 ± 0.58 | Kleiner and Brunt | 64.2 | 86.2 | 22 | 35.8 | 8.9 | 13.8 | 4.9 | FIB-4, APRI | |
| Chan et al. (45) | Malaysia | Article | 147 | 50.5 ± 11 | 54.4 | 29.3 ± 4.5 | Kleiner and Brunt | 29.3 | 41.5 | 79 | 8.2 | 29.2 | 19 | 21 | 2 | NFS |
| Chowdhury et al. (46) | India | Article | 29 | 43 ± 4.9 | 75.8 | 25.1 ± 2.6 | Kleiner and Brunt | 41.3 | 20.6 | 77.5 | 10.3 | 37.9 | 6.8 | 27.5 | 20.6 | APRI |
| Cichoz-Lach et al. (47) | Poland | Article | 126 | 42.7 ± 13 | 57.9 | 28.5 ± 2.6 | Kleiner and Brunt | 26.1 | 35.7 | 78.5 | 16.6 | 38.0 | 19.0 | 21.0 | 2.3 | NFS, BARD score |
| Cui et al. (48) | United States | Article | 102 | 51.3 ± 14 | 58.8 | 31.7 ± 5.5 | Kleiner and Brunt | 47.1 | 25.5 | 81.4 | 8.8 | 21.5 | 12.7 | 18.6 | 5.9 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| de Carli et al. (49) | Brazil | Article | 324 | 38.7 ± 10.7 | 34.5 | 43.8 ± 4.8 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | 40.8 | 91.1 | 4.3 | 13.2 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 0.3 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD Score |
| de Cleva et al. (50) | Brazil | Article | 131 | 45.8 ± 11 | ? | 47.8 ± 6.3 | Kleiner and Brunt | 56.5 | 29 | 92.3 | 6.8 | 14.4 | 3.8 | 7.6 | 3.8 | APRI |
| Demir et al. (51) | Germany | Abstract | 323 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | NFS, BARD score |
| Demir et al. (52) | Germany | Article | 165 | 44.8 ± 12 | 60 | 28.6 ± 4.3 | Kleiner and Brunt | 3.6 | 49.0 | 87.6 | 35.1 | 47.1 | 9.6 | 12.0 | 2.4 | FIB-4, NFS, BARD score |
| Dincses et al. (53) | Turkey | Article | 52 | 45 ± 9 | 57.6 | 30.8 ± 5.4 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | 81 | ? | 38 | ? | 19 | ? | NFS, FibroMeter |
| Drolz et al. (54) | Germany | Abstract | 101 | 54 ± 10 | 54 | 29 ± 1.8 | ? | ? | 25.7 | 45.5 | 19.8 | 53.4 | 13.8 | 33.6 | 19.8 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD Score |
| Dvorak et al. (55) | Czech Republic | Article | 56 | 44.1 ± 15 | 70 | 30 ± 3.7 | Matteoni | ? | 51.7 | 17.8 | 48.0 | 16 | 30.2 | 14.2 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, ELF, BARD score | |
| Eddowes et al. (56) | ? | Abstract | 356 | 53 ± 12 | 57 | 34.4 ± 6.5 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, NFS, FibroMeter |
| Fagan et al. (57) | Australia | Article | 329 | 45.9 ± 11 | 64.1 | ? | Metavir | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 23.7 | ? | ELF |
| Francque et al. (58) | Belgium | Article | 542 | 43.5 ± 12.7 | 28.6 | 38.2 ± 6.4 | Kleiner and Brunt | 64.2 | 16.3 | ? | 12.1 | ? | 7.0 | ? | 0.2 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, Forns score, BARD score |
| Fujii et al. (59) | Japan | Article | 50 | 55.8 ± 15.2 | 26 | 27.1 ± 3.8 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | 28.0 | 56.0 | 28.0 | 54.0 | 26.0 | 44.0 | 18.0 | APRI |
| Fujii et al. (60) | Japan | Abstract | 122 | 59 ± 15.3 | 39 | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | 55.0 | ? | ? | ? | 38.0 | ? | BARD score |
| Gallego-Duran et al. (61) | Spain | Abstract | 49 | 49 ± 13 | 61 | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | 79.0 | ? | ? | ? | NFS, FibroTest |
| Guha et al. (62) | United Kingdom | Article | 192 | 48.7 ± 12.5 | 64 | 32.4 ± 5.7 | Kleiner and Brunt | 16.1 | 19.0 | 77.0 | 17.0 | 40.0 | 13.0 | 23.0 | 10.0 | ELF |
| Guillaume et al. (63) | France | Article | 417 | 56.1 ± 1,211 | 59.2 | 33.3 ± 6.6 | Kleiner and Brunt | 29 | 23.5 | 67.4 | 27.3 | ? | 32.4 | 40.1 | 7.7 | FibroMeter, ELF |
| Guturu et al. (64) | United States | Abstract | 118 | ? | ? | ? | Batts Ludwig | ? | 39.8 | 75.3 | 19.4 | 43.9 | 8.4 | 24.5 | 16.1 | APRI, BARD score |
| Harrison et al. (65) | United States | Article | 827 | 49 ± 5.6 | 49 | 33 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | 24.0 | ? | 80.8 | ? | ? | ? | ? | BARD score |
| Hagström et al. (66) | Sweden | Article | 646 | 50 ± 14.8 | 62 | 28 ± 3.7 | Kleiner | 65 | 40 | 88 | 23 | 35 | 9 | 11 | 3 | NFS, BARD score, APRI, FIB-4 |
| Huang et al. (67) | Singapore | Abstract | 161 | 60 ± 14 | ? | 26.8 ± 4.6 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Inadomi et al. (68) | Japan | Article | 200 | 595 ± 17 | 48 | 28.1 ± 6.8 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | 37.5 | 76 | 22 | 58.5 | 32 | 36.5 | 4.5 | FIB-4, ELF |
| Isgro et al. (69) | Italy | Abstract | 74 | 44.3 ± 4.9 | ? | ? | ? | 8.1 | 45.8 | 93.2 | 39.2 | 46 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 1.4 | ELF |
| Itoh et al. (70) | Japan | Article | 400 | 56 ± 20 | 48.7 | 27.3 ± 9.8 | Kleiner and Brunt | 16.7 | 45.7 | 76.1 | 13.7 | 37.5 | 15.7 | 23.7 | 8 | ELF |
| Joo et al. (71) | Korea | Abstract | 315 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, NFS, BARD score |
| Joo et al. (72) | United Kingdom | Abstract | 116 | 54.3 ± 10.7 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4 |
| Jouness et al. (73) | Italian | Abstract | 254 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, NFS |
| Kao et al. (74) | Taiwan | Article | 73 | 35.2 ± 7.7 | 31.5 | 41.2 ± 5.6 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 22.8 | ? | 11.4 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| Kawamur et al. (75) | Japan | Article | 90 | 51.2 ± 5.9 | 55.5 | 26, 1 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | 47.7 | 61 | 13.3 | 52.1 | 33.3 | 38.8 | 5.5 | FIB-4, APRI |
| Kim et al. (76) | Korea | Abstract | 481 | ? | ? | ? | Metavir | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Kim et al. (77) | United States | Article | 142 | 52.8 ± 12 | 26.8 | 36.3 ± 7.4 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD Score |
| Kobayashi et al. (78) | Japan | Article | 140 | 56 ± 6.8 | 54.3 | 27.1 ± 4 | Matteoni | 7.1 | 44.3 | 74.3 | 22.9 | 48.6 | 21.4 | 25.7 | 4.3 | FIB-4, APRI |
| Kolhe et al. (79) | India | Article | 100 | 47 ± 12.3 | 49 | ? | Metavir | ? | ? | 73 | ? | ? | ? | 27 | ? | FIB-4, APRI |
| Kosick et al. (80) | Canada | Abstract | 541 | 50.5 ± 13 | 56.5 | 32.3 ± 5.5 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 45.5 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Kruger et al. (81) | United States | Abstract | 111 | ? | ? | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | 50.0 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | APRI, NFS |
| Kruger et al. (82) | South Africa | Article | 111 | 52 ± 10 | ? | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 17.0 | APRI, NFS |
| Kumar et al. (83) | India | Article | 120 | 39.1 ± 12 | 75 | 26.1 ± 3.6 | Kleiner and Brunt | 26.6 | 28.3 | 77.4 | 22.5 | 44.8 | 14.1 | 22.3 | 8.3 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Labenz et al. (84) | Germany | Article | 261 | 51 ± 18.5 | 52.5 | 30.9 ± 6.9 | Kleiner and Brunt | 15.5 | 43.6 | 84.3 | 40.9 | ? | ? | ? | 15.7 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| Lambrecht et al. (85) | Germany | Article | 2088 | 54.5 ± 11.5 | 64.5 | 28.6 ± 5.2 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI |
| Lang et al. (86) | Germany | Article | 96 | 57 ± 14.6 | 53 | 31 ± 6.9 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | 30.8 | ? | 67.7 | 130.4 | 44.4 | 63.1 | 18.7 | FIB-4, NFS |
| Lardi et al. (87) | Brazil | Article | 73 | ? | 636 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FibroTest |
| Lassailly et al. (88) | France | Article | 288 | 41.6 ± 12 | 33.6 | 48.6 ± 8 | Metavir | 59.0 | 34.0 | 97.5 | 4.5 | 6.9 | 0.7 | 2.4 | 1.7 | FibroTest |
| Le et al. (89) | ? | Abstract | 254 | 50.3 ± 10.5 | 35.4 | 34.2 ± 6 | Metavir | ? | ? | ? | ? | 44 | ? | 23 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, BARD Score |
| Lee et al. (90) | United States | Article | 107 | 48.9 ± 23 | 38.3 | 35.9 ± 3.7 | ? | 20.5 | 18.6 | 68.0 | 28.9 | 48.14 | 16.8 | 32.0 | 14.9 | FIB-4, NFS, FibroMeter, BARD Score |
| Liu et al. (91) | China | Article | 349 | 40.2 ± 12.5 | 76.5 | 26.8 ± 3.3 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4 |
| Loaeza-del-Castill et al. (92) | Mexico | Article | 30 | 43 ± 12 | 43 | ? | Metavir | 26.0 | 33.0 | 71.5 | 40.0 | 51.5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 0.0 | APRI |
| Loong et al. (93) | China | Article | 215 | 52 ± 4 | 55.3 | 26.8 ± 1.3 | ? | ? | ? | ? | 40.9 | 27 | 80 | 12.1 | 32.1 | FibroMeter |
| Luger et al. (94) | Austria | Article | 46 | 42 ± 13 | 20 | 43.8 ± 4.3 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | 30 | ? | 13 | ? | FIB-4, NFS |
| Mahadeva et al. (95) | Malaysia | Article | 131 | 49.9 ± 12 | 52.7 | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | 40.8 | ? | ? | 35.1 | ? | 35.1 | ? | 6.1 | APRI, NFS |
| Marella et al. (96) | United States | Article | 907 | 46.7 ± 12 | 32.6 | 39.9 ± 6 9 | Kleiner and Brunt | 32.9 | 36.4 | 87.2 | 17.9 | 30.7 | 6.9 | 12.8 | 5.9 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| McPherson et al. (97) | United Kingdom | Article | 145 | 51 ± 12 | 61 | 35 ± 5 | Kleiner and Brunt | 25.0 | 43.0 | 78.0 | 13.0 | 29.0 | 10.0 | 19.0 | 9.0 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| McPherson et al. (98) | United Kingdom/ Belgium/France |
Article | 634 | 49.8 | 54.8 | 34 ± 4.5 | Kleiner and Brunt | 37.4 | 23.2 | ? | 14.2 | ? | 17 | ? | 8.2 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| McPherso et al. (99) | United Kingdom | Article | 305 | 51 ± 12 | 60 | 33.6 ± 4.7 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | 80.5 | ? | 37.5 | ? | 20.5 | ? | FIB-4, NFS |
| Meneses et al. (100) | Spain | Article | 50 | 49 ± 8 | 30 | 44.3 ± 5 | Kleiner and Brunt | 60 | 22 | 94 | 12 | 18 | 6 | 6 | 0 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, Forns score, BARD score |
| Miao et al. (101) | United States | Abstract | 686 | ? | ? | 52.9 ± 9.7 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 12.3 | ? | 3.1 | ? | FIB-4, NFS, BARD score |
| Miele et al. (102) | Italy | Abstract | 82 | 46 ± 12 | ? | ? | ? | 7.3 | 39 | 81.7 | 35.4 | 53.7 | ? | 18.3 | ? | ELF |
| Miele et al. (103) | Italy | Article | 82 | 46 ± 9 | 62 | 28 ± 22–38 | ? | 7.3 | 39 | 82.7 | 35.4 | 53.7 | 6.1 | 18.3 | 12.2 | ELF |
| Miller et al. (104) | United States | Abstract | 354 | 50 ± 13 | 42.7 | 33.9 ± 8.5 | ? | ? | ? | ? | 73.7 | ? | ? | 26.3 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS | |
| Miller et al. (105) | United Kingdom | Abstract | 42 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, NFS, BARD score |
| Munteanu et al. (106) | France/Italy/Brazil/ United Kingdom/Austria/Greece/ Spain |
Article | 600 | 53.2 ± 24 | 63.3 | 29.7 ± 0.25 | Kleiner and Brunt | 20.3 | 30.8 | ? | 23.3 | ? | 20.2 | ? | 5.5 | FIB-4, NFS, FibroTest, BARD score |
| Nascimben et al. (107) | France | Abstract | 884 | 55 ± 12 | 61 | 30 ± 5 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Nassif et al. (108) | Brazil | Article | 298 | 40.1 ± 8 | 11.1 | 43.6 ± 10 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 7.3 | ? | ? | BARD score |
| Okajima et al. (109) | Japan | Article | 163 | 55.8 ± 14 | 49.5 | 27.2 ± 4.3 | ? | 38 | 34.4 | 86.5 | 14.1 | 26.5 | 8 | 12.5 | 5.5 | FIB-4, APRI |
| Pastor-Ramire et al. (110) | Spain | Abstract | 1,256 | 54.1 ± 14 | 46 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 57.7 | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Pathik et al. (111) | India | Article | 110 | 42.3 ± 3.2 | ? | 29.1 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 34.5 | ? | APRI, NFS |
| Peleg et al. (112) | Israel | Article | 153 | 51.8 ± 17 | 55.5 | 29.9 ± 1.6 | Metavir | ? | ? | 79.1 | ? | ? | ? | 20.9 | ? | FIB-4, APRI |
| Pérez-Gutiérrez et al. (113) | Mexico/Chile | Article | 228 | 48.6 ± 12 | 49 | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | 81.6 | 25.0 | 88.2 | 6.6 | 18.4 | 7.0 | 11.8 | 4.8 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Petta et al. (114) | Italy | Article | 321 | 44.6 ± 12 | 67.5 | 29.3 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 22.9 | ? | FIB-4, NFS |
| Petta et al. (115) | Italy. Hong Kong. France | Article | 741 | 50.9 ± 12.7 | 60.2 | 29.6 ± 4.9 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | 34.3 | ? | 30.9 | ? | FIB-4, NFS |
| Pimentel et al. (116) | Brazil | Article | 158 | 36 ± 10 | 22.7 | 41 ± 5 | ? | ? | 7.5 | 30.3 | 85.9 | 48.1 | 61.9 | 12.0 | 13.8 | NFS |
| Polyzos et al. (117) | Greece | Article | 31 | 53.3 ± 2.7 | 25.8 | 32.2 ± 1.4 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 22.5 | APRI, NFS, ELF, FIB-4 | |
| Prasad et al. (118) | India | Abstract | 240 | 39.3 ± 10 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 4 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| Qureshi et al. (119) | United States | Article | 401 | 40.5 ± 8.5 | 17 | 48.4 ± 7.2 | Kleiner and Brunt | 43.4 | 40.0 | 35.9 | 86.5 | 13.8 | 27.3 | 11.4 | 13.5 | NFS |
| Raszeja-Wyszomirska et al. (120) | Poland | Article | 104 | 48 ± 12 | 65.4 | 29.6 ± 3 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | 84.6 | ? | ? | ? | 14.4 | BARD score | |
| Rath et al. (121) | India | Article | 60 | 39.7 ± 9.6 | 85 | 26.4 ± 3.3 | Kleiner and Brunt | 31.6 | 28.3 | 96.7 | 36.6 | 66 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 0 | APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Ratziu et al. (122) | France | Article | 267 | 50.75 ± 9.4 | 58 | > 27 | Kleiner and Brunt | 58.2 | 36.0 | 79.0 | 19.0 | 28.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 0 | FibroTest |
| Ratziu et al. (123) | France | Abstract | 89 | ? | ? | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | 36.0 | ? | ? | ? | 45, 0 | ? | 11, 0 | ? | FibroTest |
| Ruffillo et al. (124) | Argentina | Article | 138 | 49 ± 5.6 | 67 | 30, 3 | Kleiner and Brunt | 5.0 | 6.5 | 76.9 | 61.5 | 88.4 | 23.1 | 26.8 | 3.6 | NFS, BARD score |
| Saez et al. (125) | Spain | Abstract | 78 | 54.2 ± 11 | 39.7 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 55, 1 | ? | ? | ? | APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Sebastiani et al. (126) | France/Italy | Article | 190 | 51.2 ± 13 | 74.7 | 28.9 ± 5 | Kleiner and Brunt | 49.0 | 36.3 | 74.7 | 26.3 | 51.6 | 11.6 | 25.3 | 13.7 | APRI, FibroTest |
| Seth et al. (127) | United States | Abstract | 137 | 47 ± 11 | 22 | 32 ± 6.7 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 40 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Shah et al. (128) | United States | Article | 541 | 47.5 ± 12 | 40 | 34.7 ± 6.5 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | 76.8 | ? | ? | ? | 23.1 | ? | FIB-4 |
| Shaheen et al. (129) | Canada | Abstract | 44 | 51.5 ± 6.6 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 32 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| Shima et al. (130) | Japan | Article | 278 | 57.8 ± 14.8 | 48.2 | 27.5 ± 4.7 | Kleiner and Brunt | 34.1 | 23.3 | 72.1 | 14.7 | 42.4 | 23 | 27.6 | 4.6 | FIB-4, APRI |
| Shoji et al. (131) | Japan | Article | 197 | 60 ± 14 | 45.1 | 27.5 ± 6.2 | Kleiner and Brunt | 40.6 | ? | 63.9 | 23.3 | 59.3 | 20.8 | 36 | 15.2 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Shukla et al. (132) | India | Article | 51 | 50.4 ± 11 | 53 | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | 78.4 | ? | ? | ? | 21.6 | ? | FIB-4 |
| Siddiqui et al. (133) | United States | Article | 145 | 52.9 ± 11 | 37.7 | 35.8 ± 19 | Kleiner and Brunt | 29 | 29 | 64.9 | ? | ? | ? | 35.2 | 7.6 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, FibroMeter, BARD score |
| Siddiqui et al. (134) | United States | Article | 1904 | 50.3 ± 12.2 | 47 | 34.4 ± 6.4 | Kleiner and Brunt | 24 | 28 | 72 | 20 | 48 | 20 | 28 | 8 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| Simo et al. (135) | United States | Article | 225 | 43.2 ± 9.6 | 14.7 | 44.6 ± 5.4 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | 58.2 | 21.8 | 93.4 | 13.3 | 19.9 | 6.2 | 6.6 | NFS |
| Singh et al. (136) | United States | Article | 1,157 | 51.1 ± 11.5 | 35.4 | 35.5 ± 8.1 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | 68.2 | ? | ? | ? | 38.1 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS |
| Singh et al. (137) | ? | Abstract | 1969 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 7 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Sjowall et al. (138) | Sweden | Article | 82 | 59.8 ± 11 | 67 | 28.9 ± 4.4 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 17 | ? | APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Stauber et al. (139) | Austria | Abstract | 122 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 28 | ? | ELF |
| Staufer et al. (140) | Austria | Article | 186 | 52 ± 5.2 | 57 | 30.5 ± 2.7 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | 61.8 | 55 | 27 | ? | FIB-4, FibroMeter, ELF | ||
| Subasi et al. (141) | Turkey | Article | 142 | 45 ± 9 | 52.8 | 30.9 ± 5 | Kleiner and Brunt | 28.2 | 35.2 | 78.9 | 15.5 | 36.6 | 14.1 | 21.1 | 7 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, FibroMeter, BARD Score |
| Sumida et al. (142) | Japan | Article | 576 | 52.3 ± 15 | 51 | 27.9 ± 4.9 | Kleiner and Brunt | 45.6 | 29.3 | ? | 13.8 | 24.9 | 7.8 | 11.1 | 3.2 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Takeuchi et al. (143) | Japan | Article | 71 | 50.8 ± 15.7 | 64.8 | 29.1 ± 5.1 | Kleiner and Brunt | 8 | 17 | 39 | 14 | 46 | 27 | 32 | 5 | FIB-4 |
| Tanwar et al. (144) | United Kingdom | Abstract | 177 | ? | ? | ? | Kleiner and Brunt | 59.0 | 19.2 | 75.7 | 17.5 | 23.8 | 13.6 | 23.8 | 10.2 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, ELF, BARD score |
| Thanapirom et al. (145) | ? | Abstract | 92 | 49.6 ± 13.7 | 44.9 | 27.4 ± 5.1 | ? | 97.8 | ? | 100 | 2, 2 | ? | ? | ? | ? | FIB-4, APRI |
| Tomeno et al. (146) | Japan | Article | 106 | 67 ± 7.8 | 41.5 | 25.8 ± 3.1 | ? | ? | 52.8 | 10.3 | 21.6 | 36.6 | 11.3 | 15 | 3.7 | FIB-4 |
| Treeprasertsuk et al. (147) | Thailand | Article | 139 | 40.9 ± 13 | 47 | 36.1 ± 14.7 | ? | ? | ? | 93.5 | ? | ? | ? | 6.4 | ? | FIB-4, NFS, BARD score |
| Uy et al. (148) | Philippines | Abstract | 61 | 46 ± 11 | 46 | 29.1 ± 4.3 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 9, 8 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, BARD Score |
| Wong et al. (149) | China | Article | 246 | 51 ± 11 | 54.9 | 28 ± 4.5 | Kleiner and Brunt | 28.4 | 30.4 | 77.3 | 18.2 | 40.9 | 12.6 | 22.7 | 10.1 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Xun et al. (150) | China | Article | 152 | 37.1 ± 9.7 | 79.6 | 26.1 ± 3.3 | Kleiner and Brunt | 31.6 | 33.5 | 84.0 | 19.1 | 34.9 | 13.8 | 15.8 | 1.9 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Yang et al. (151) | China | Article | 453 | 36.5 ± 16.7 | 58.9 | 25.9 ± 3.6 | Kleiner and Brunt | ? | ? | 72, 2 | ? | ? | ? | 27.8 | ? | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, FibroMeter, Forns score, BARD score |
| Yoneda et al. (152) | Japan | Article | 235 | 59.9 ± 12 | ? | 26.9 ± 4 | Kleiner and Brunt | 38.7 | 27.6 | 83.8 | 17.4 | 33.6 | 8.9 | 16.2 | 7.2 | FIB-4, NFS, BARD Score |
| Younes et al. (153) | Italy, United Kingdom, and Spain | Article | 1,173 | 40 ± 14.1 | 64.7 | 29.4 ± 7.5 | Kleiner and Brunt | APRI, NFS, FIB-4, BARD score, Hepascore | ||||||||
| Zhou et al. (154) | China | Article | 207 | 41.8 | 73.4 | ? | ? | ? | 47.8 | 38.2 | 96.1 | 10.1 | 14 | 3.9 | 3.9 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
| Zou et al. (155) | China | Abstract | 107 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 28 | FIB-4, APRI, NFS, BARD score |
APRI, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index; ELF, enhanced liver fibrosis; FIB-4, fibrosis index-4; LR+, positive likelihood ratio; LR-, negative likelihood ratio; NFS, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease score; SD, standard deviation;?, not responded.