Table 1.

Tree species of Araliaceae examined in this study

Species	Tree size	Maximum attainable height	Leaf longevity	Leaf morphology
Chengiopanax sciadophylloides	Subcanopy	10–12 m	Deciduous	Palmately compound leaf
Dendropanax trifidus	Subcanopy	9–15 m	Evergreen	Trilobed palmately-incised simple leaf*
Fatsia japonica	Understorey	3–5 m	Evergreen	Palmately-incised simple leaf
Gamblea innovans	Subcanopy	15 m	Deciduous	Palmately compound leaf

*Occasionally bilobed palmately-incised leaf or simple leaf with entire margin