. 2024 Jan 28;16(1):e53134. doi: 10.7759/cureus.53134

Table 11. Distribution of studied groups according to their levels of breast engorgement, pain, and LATCH before and after intervention (n=100).

X2: Chi square test

X2a: The difference b/w the study and control group before the intervention

X2b: The difference b/w the study and control group after the intervention

* Statistically significant at P ≤0.05

Item of assessment	Levels	Pre-intervention				After intervention				Test of significance
		Study (n=50)		Control (n=50)		Study (n=50)		Control (n=50)
		No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
Breast engorgement	Soft/no changes in breast	0	0.0	0	0.0	11	22.0	4	8.0	X^2a= 9.050 P= 0.060 X^2b= 14.886 P= 0.005*
	Light changes in the breast	2	4.0	11	22.0	28	56.0	20	40.0
	Firm/non-tender breast	17	34.0	11	22.0	11	22.0	17	34.0
	Firm/beginning of tenderness	21	42.0	15	30.0	0	0.0	7	14.0
	Firm/tender breast	9	18.0	11	22.0	0	0.0	2	4.0
	Very firm/very tender breast	1	2.0	2	4.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Pain	No	0	0.0	7	14.0	35	70.0	12	24.0	X^2a= 9.097 P= 0.028* X^2b= 21.389 P= 0.000*
	Mild	18	36.0	21	42.0	14	28.0	34	68.0
	Moderate	28	56.0	19	38.0	1	2.0	4	8.0
	Sever	4	8.0	3	6.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
LATCH	Inadequate breastfeeding	6	12.0	12	24.0	0	0.0	2	4.0	X^2a= 3.328 P= 0.189 X^2b= 9.514 P= 0.009*
	Acceptable breastfeeding	31	62.0	23	46.0	6	12.0	17	34.0
	Satisfactory breastfeeding	13	26.0	15	30.0	44	88.0	31	62.0