Fig. 3.

Treatment strategy for Cheyne–Stokes Breathing (CSB) associated with chronic heart failure. *≥ 15/h appears to be appropriate with regard to this AHI standard, but can be changed to ≥ 20/h taking into consideration the adaptive standard for CPAP medical insurance treatment. ^†Attention should be paid to patients with heart failure due to decreased left ventricular contractile function (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 45%), which are in a stable state with central-dominant sleep apnea (statements by The Japanese Circulation Society, and The Japanese Heart Failure Society). Joint Guideline by The Japanese Circulation Society and The Japanese Heart Failure Society, for Acute/Chronic Heart Failure Clinical Practice Guidelines (2017 revised edition). ^‡In Japan, ASV is used for severe congestion regardless of the presence or absence of sleep apnea, with ASV use for patients with heart failure approved. (Japanese Respiratory Society NPPV Guideline Preparation Committee (ed.): NPPV (Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Therapy) Guideline, 2nd Edition, quoted and

modified from p.129, 2015.)