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. 2024 Feb 13;26:e47739. doi: 10.2196/47739

Table 1.

Selected characteristics of the filtered and unfiltered study data set.

Covariate Filtered 10,000-sentence sample (n=441) Unfiltered 1000-sentence sample (n=80) Absolute standardized difference
Age (years), mean (SD) 82.7 (7.9) 82.8 (7.5) 0.02
Age categories (years), n (%)

65-70 36 (8.2) 5 (6) 0.07

71-75 51 (11.6) 9 (11) 0.01

76-80 68 (15.4) 12 (15) 0.01

81-85 96 (21.8) 17 (21) 0.01

>85 190 (43.1) 37 (46) 0.06
Sex, n (%)

Female 283 (64.2) 56 (70) 0.12

Male 158 (35.9) 24 (30) 0.12
Race, n (%)

White 389 (88.2) 70 (88) 0.02

Black 19 (4.3) 4 (5) 0.03

Other 33 (7.5) 6 (8) 0.00
Frailty score, mean (SD) 0.26 (0.1) 0.25 (0.1) 0.06
Comorbidities, n (%)

Falls 172 (39.0) 30 (38) 0.03

Pressure ulcer 57 (12.9) 11 (14) 0.02

Failure to thrive or body weight loss 89 (20.2) 15 (19) 0.04

Use of feeding tube 7 (1.6) 2 (3) 0.06

Aspiration pneumonia 33 (7.5) 1 (1) 0.31

UTIa 192 (43.6) 34 (43) 0.02

Incontinence 73 (16.6) 14 (18) 0.03

Dysphagia (eating problems) 50 (11.3) 6 (8) 0.13
Medications, n (%)

1st line dementia medication use 49 (11.1) 7 (9) 0.08

Memantine use 21 (4.8) 4 (5) 0.01

Antipsychotic medication use 38 (8.7) 8 (10) 0.05
Health care use, mean (SD)

Hospitalizations, n 1.32 (1.7) 1.25 (2) 0.04

ERb visits, n 2.40 (2.7) 2.00 (2) 0.16

Outpatient visits, n 11.54 (8.8) 10.15 (9) 0.16

Medications, n 13.06 (7.8) 11.94 (8) 0.14
Nursing home stay of >100 days in baseline, n (%) 17 (3.9) 6 (8) 0.16
Hospice care, n (%) 12 (2.7) 4 (5) 0.12

aUTI: urinary tract infection.

bER: emergency room.