Skip to main content
. 2024 Feb 27;24:34. doi: 10.1186/s12873-024-00952-9

Table 2.

EMS assessment, treatment, and outcome, n (%)

All non-conveyed Primary Care Referral p-value1 ED
Visit
p-value1 Hospital
Admission
p-value1
Total 837 (100) 132 (100) 136 (100) 44 (100)

A-E

Assess-ment

No 156 (19) 26 (20) 0,140 26 (19) 0,733 9 (20) 0,772
Yes 662 (79) 106 (80) 106 (78) 35 (80)
Missing 19 (2) 0 (0) 4 (3) 0 (0)
Pain No 436 (52) 52 (39) 0,005 50 (37) < 0,001* 13 (30) 0,002
Yes 337 (40) 69 (52) 75 (55) 29 (66)
Missing 64 (8) 11 (8) 11 (8) 2 (5)
ESS Code Adults 30 Head 218 (26) 1 (0,8) < 0,001* 2 34 (25) 0,007 9 (20) < 0,001* 2
31 Torso/Genitals 68 [8] 1 (0,8) 19 (14) 9 (20)
33 Upper Extremity 39 (5) 2 (2) 11 (8) 4 (9)
34 Lower Extremity 96 (11) 1 (0,8) 26 (19) 11 (25)
35 Burns etc. 18 (2) 0 (0) 2 (1) 0 (0)
36 Drowning 1 (0,1) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
37 Eye 10 (1) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
38 Trauma Algorithm 39 (5) 0 (0) 3 (2) 0 (0)
41 Animal bites/Stings 17 (2) 1 (0,8) 1 (0,7) 0 (0)
42 Assault/Sexual 10 (1) 34 (26) 2 (1) 2 (5)
53 Non-specific Symptoms 2 (0,2) 19 (14) 0 (0) 0 (0)
86 Self-harm 5 (0,6) 11 (8) 2 (0,7) 2 (5)
Children 130 Head 41 (5) 27 (20) 0,308 1 (0,7) 0,134 0 (0) 0,124
131 Torso/Genitals 6 (0,7) 2 (2) 1 (0,7) 1 (2)
133 Upper Extremity 5 (0,6) 0 (0) 2 (1) 0 (0)
134 Lower Extremity 5 (0,6) 0 (0) 1 (0,7) 0 (0)
135 Burns etc. 2 (0,2) 3 (2) 0 (0) 0 (0)
137 Eye 2 (0,2) 1 (0,8) 0 (0) 0 (0)
138 Trauma Algorithm 3 (0,4) 2 (2) 0 (0) 0 (0)
141 Animal bites/Stings 1 (0,1) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
142 Assault/Sexual 1 (0,1) 1 (0,8) 1 (0,7) 0 (0)
Missing 248 (30) 18 (14) 30 (22) 6 (14)
RETTS priority Red 1 (0,1) 0 (0) < 0,001* 0 (0) 0,058 0 (0) 0,018
Orange 54 (6) 14 (11) 12 (9) 7 (16)
Yellow 118 (14) 29 (22) 26 (19) 7 (16)
Green 409 (49) 69 (52) 68 (50) 24 (55)
Missing 255 (30) 20 (15) 30 (22) 6 (14)
Treat-ment Fracture stabilization 5 (0,6) 0 (0) 1,000 1 (0,7) 0,586 0 (0) 1,000
Pressure dressing 32 (4) 2 (2) 0,212 4 (3) 0,806 0 (0) 0,171
Medical treatment 114 (14) 18 (14) 1,000 22 (16) 0,338 6 (14) 1,000
Opiate 14 (2) 6 (5) 0,014 6 (4) 0,016 4 (9) 0,005
Non-opiate analgesics 34 (4) 8 (6) 0,649 14 (10) 0,005 4 (9) 0,133
Sedation 8 (1) 0 (0) 0,619 1 (0,7) 1,000 0 (0) 1,000
Oxygen 3 (0,4) 2 (2) 0,067 0 (0) 1,000 0 (0) 1,000
Infusion 3 (0,4) 3 (2) 0,004 1 (0,7) 0,411 1 (2) 0,150
Other 66 (8) 10 (8) 1,000 8 (6) 0,483 2 (5) 0,569

1p-value calculated using Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact Test. Pearson Chi Square Test used for ESS Code calculation. p < 0,001 was considered statistically significant

2p < 0,001 holds true for adult population and total population