Table 1.
Comparison of the study groups' demographic, biochemical, and clinical characteristics. Standard deviations and proportions are given in parentheses for continuous and discrete measures
| C19/A N = 25 |
C19/P N = 25 |
H1N1/A N = 25 |
CTL N = 25 |
PNA/A N = 25 |
C19/AV N = 25 |
Overall N = 150 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 63 (13) | 67 (18) | 59.0 (13) | 63 (13) | 63 (13) | 63 (13) | 63 (14) | |||||
| Male sex, n(%) | 16 (64%) | 10 (40%) | 16 (64%) | 16 (64%) | 16 (64%) | 13 (52%) | 87 (58%) | |||||
| BMI, mean (SD) | – | – | 34 (11) | 28 (5) | 33 (9) | 30 (9) | 32 (9) | |||||
| Use of vasopressors, n(%)_ | 25 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 10 (40%) | 14 (56%) | 18 (72%) | 22 (88%) | 89 (60%) | |||||
| Shock, n(%) | 11 (44%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (20%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (12%) | 3 (12%) | 22 (15%) | |||||
| Comorbidity conditions | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 7 (28%) | 3 (12%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (16%) | 9 (36%) | 4(16%) | 27 (18%) | |||||
| 2+ | 18 (72%) | 15 (60%) | 22(88%) | 0 (0%) | 11(44%) | 7(28%) | 73 (49%) | |||||
| 0 | 0 (0%) | 7 (28.0%) | 3 (12.0%) | 21(84.0%) | 5 (20.0%) | 14 (56.0%) | 50 (34%) | |||||
| WBC | 9 (50) | 10 (6) | 16 (13) | 13 (6) | 15 (12) | 13 (8) | 12.3 (9) | |||||
| Platelet | 242 (80) | 240 (111) | 218 (166) | 181 (52) | 221 (151) | 248 (94) | 225 (116) | |||||
| Bilirubin | 7 (1) | 19 (27) | 15 (15) | 8 (5) | 23 (33) | 12 (5) | 15.7 (22) | |||||
| Creatine | 139 (150) | 125 (123) | 105 (71) | 89 (90) | 137 (103) | 139 (225) | 122 (136) | |||||
| PF ratio | 128 (49) | - | 164 (82) | 253 (83) | 166 (91) | 108 (45) | 173 (92) | |||||
| SaO2 | 85 (14) | 94 (4) | 96 (3) | 96 (2) | 91(9) | 93 (4) | 93 (8) | |||||
| Medication | ||||||||||||
| 0 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 25 (100%) | 25 (100%) | 4 (16%) | 54 (36%) | |||||
| 1 | 1 (4%) | 1 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4%) | 3 (2%) | |||||
| 2 | 1 (4%) | 6 (24%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (5%) | |||||
| 3 | 23 (92%) | 18 (72%) | 25 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 20 (80%) | 86 (57%) | |||||
| ICU length of stay, mean/median [IQR] |
14 [10, 22] |
– |
10 [7, 14] |
3 [2, 4] |
11 [7, 16] |
17 [10, 46] |
10 [6, 17] |
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|
Hospital Length of Stay |
18 [12, 24] |
8 [5, 11] |
15 [11, 27] |
14 [9, 25] |
22 [12, 47] |
27 [16, 67] |
15 [10, 29] |
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|
Death at 28 days |
11 (44%) | 4 (16%) | 8(32%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (24%) | 5 (20%) | 34 (23%) | |||||
C19/A = SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS patients admitted to ICU, C19/P = SARS-CoV-2 ARDS patients admitted to hospital not admitted to ICU, H1N1/A = H1N1-induced ARDS patients admitted to ICU, CTL = non-ARDS ventilated control patients admitted to ICU, PNA/A = bacterial pneumonia-induced ARDS patients admitted to ICU, C19/AV = validation group Covid-19-positive patients, admitted to the ICU, equivalent to the C19/A cohort. In medication, 0 = Not received, 1 = Candesartan, 2 = Irbesartan, 3 = Other. Data are from day one of study entry (day one of hospitalization for non-ICU patients or day one of ICU admission)