Table 11.

Summary of the contributions of different factors of influence on dose factors calculated for bone segment phantoms; 1d, 2d and 3d are 1 dimension, 2 dimensions and 3 dimensions of the circumscribed box, respectively.

Source of uncertainty	Standard relative uncertainty (mean or the range of CV), %
	${DF}_{i,j}\left(AM\leftarrow TBV\right)$	${DF}_{i,j}\left(AM\leftarrow CBV\right)$
Introduced by modeling approaches
shape stylization depend on bone dimensions
3d > 2.8 cm	–	–
2.8 cm > 3d > 1.1 cm	–	10–15
3d < 1.1 cm	7–13	4–14
voxelization	1	0
model restriction	0–7	0
uniformity of cortical thickness	0	7
Individual variability of bone characteristics
micro and microarchitecture	20 [5–60]a
chemical composition	4
bone density depend on bone dimensions
3d> $2\times \lambda \left(\bar{E}\right)$	4	–
other	6	13

^amean variability and the range of possible values depend on variability of bone-specific micro and macro-architecture.