Table 2.
Characteristics and Outcomes of LRHF Patients
| Variable | Total (N = 203) | No LRHF (N = 158) | LRHF (N=45) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Hemodynamics within 6–12 months post-LVAD | ||||
| RAP (mmHg) | 9 ± 5 | 8 ± 5 | 11 ± 5 | 0.020 |
| PASP (mmHg) | 36 ± 10 | 35 ± 10 | 37 ± 10 | 0.351 |
| PADP (mmHg) | 16 ± 6 | 15 ± 6 | 19 ± 5 | 0.017 |
| mPAP (mmHg) | 23 ± 7 | 22 ± 7 | 26 ± 5 | 0.041 |
| PAWP (mmHg) | 14 ± 6 | 13 ± 6 | 15 ± 5 | 0.210 |
| RAP/PAWP | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.181 |
| CO (L/min) | 4.5 ± 1.3 | 4.5 ± 0.9 | 4.4 ± 1.9 | 0.96 |
| CI (L/min/m2) | 2.2 ± 0.6 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 0.239 |
| PVR (Wood units) | 2.3 ± 1.0 | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 0.019 |
| PAPi | 3.0 ± 2.2 | 3.1 ± 2.0 | 2.7 ± 2.6 | 0.445 |
| Laboratory characteristics at 1-year post-LVAD | ||||
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 0.793 |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 22.6 ± 10.7 | 21.6 ± 9.3 | 26.5 ± 14.3 | 0.059 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.8 ± 0.8 | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 1.4 | 0.035 |
| Clinical features and outcomes | ||||
| Diuretic dose at 6 months postoperative (furosemide equivalent/day, mg) | 79 ± 102 | 60 ± 91 | 145 ± 111 | 0.0001 |
| AVM/GIB, n (%) | 41 (20.2) | 28 (17.7) | 13 (28.9) | 0.106 |
| Atrial fibrillation at 6 months postoperative, n (%) | 51 (25.1) | 35 (22.2) | 16 (35.6) | 0.051 |
| VT (sustained), n (%) | 45 (22.2) | 31 (19.6) | 14 (31.1) | 0.114 |
| Total hospitalizations up to 5 year post-VAD or until death/transplant, n | 5.0 ± 5.6 | 4.8 ± 5.4 | 5.7 ± 6.3 | 0.362 |
| Hospitalizations for HF, n | 0.8 ± 1.9 | 0.5 ± 1.5 | 2.0 ± 2.5 | <0.0001 |
| Need for inotropy at any point post discharge, n (%) | 31 (15.3) | 13 (8.2) | 18 (40.0) | <0.0001 |
| Transplant, n (%) | 65 (32.0) | 56 (35.4) | 9 (20.0) | 0.051 |
| Death, n (%) | 55 (27.1) | 38 (24.0) | 17 (37.8) | 0.049 |
AVM/GIB, arteriovenous malformation/gastrointestinal bleed; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CI, cardiac index; CO, cardiac output; HF, heart failure; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; mPAP, mean pulmonary artery pressure; PADP, pulmonary artery diastolic pressure; PAPi, pulmonary artery pulsatility index; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; PAWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; RAP, right atrial pressure; VT, ventricular tachycardia.