Fig. 8.

Oxygen consumption rate of control and TSC astrocytes normalized to protein content. a. Representative tracing of high-resolution respirometry to quantify intact cell respiration; blue line: oxygen concentration, red line: oxygen flux. b. Oxygen flux in the routine state (R); in the leakage state (L) after addition of oligomycin, an inhibitor of ATP synthetase; after the addition of FCCP, an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation to induce maximum respiratory capacity (E). All data are expressed as specific flux, i.e., oxygen consumption normalized to the sample protein content and after non-mitochondrial oxygen flux subtraction (ROX). c. Oxygen consumption linked to ATP production, i.e., oligomycin-sensitive respiration obtained by the subtraction of L from R. d. Reserve respiratory capacity obtained by the subtraction of R from E. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of folds changes above the control; p value: *p value ≤ 0.05; **p value ≤ 0.01; ***p value ≤ 0.001; ****p value ≤ 0.0001. Mann–Whitney U test