Table 3.

Synthesis of Studies and Outline of Study Characteristics That met the Inclusion Criteria for the Meta-Analysis.

Author	Year	Study design	Country of origin	n	Type of liposuction	Site
Katz and McBean 35	2008	Retrospective chart review	USA	537	LAL	Not specified
Duncan 22	2012	Prospective randomized-controlled trial	USA	12	SAL versus SAL + RFAL	Abdomen
Giugliano et al 24	2004	Prospective comparative	Italy	60	SAL	Variable: abdomen, hips, and thighs
Roland 56	2012	Prospective series	Switzerland	320	SAL	Neck and other sites
Boeni 16	2011	Prospective series	Switzerland	4380	SAL	Variable: neck, arms, female breast, abdomen, flanks, back, buttocks, and lower extremity
Valizadeh et al 69	2016	Randomized clinical trial	Iran	18	LAL	Submental region
				18	SAL
Keramidas and Rodopoulou 37	2016	Prospective series	Greece	55	RFAL	Neck and lower face (jowls)
Leclère et al 44	2015	Prospective series	Spain	10	LAL	Submental region
Hurwitz and Smith 30	2012	Prospective series	USA	17	RFAL	Variable: Arms, abdomen, and thighs
Moskovitz et al 49	2007	Prospective series	USA	20	UAL	Female breast
Cohen et al 20	2012	Prospective series	USA	23	SAL	Abdomen
Habbema 26	2009	Prospective series	Netherlands	151	PAL	Female breast
Boni 17	2006	Prospective series	Switzerland	38	PAL	Male breast
Wall and Lee 71	2016	Retrospective chart review	USA	129	PAL	Variable: Face, neck, upper extremity, chest, lower extremity, abdomen, and flanks
Chia and Theodorou 19	2012	Prospective series	USA	581	LAL	Variable: Neck, upper extremity, male breast, abdomen, flanks, back, pubic region, and lower extremity
Jacob et al 34	2000	Retrospective chart review	USA	20	SAL	Neck
Kim et al 38	2011	Retrospective chart review	Korea	682	PAL	Variable; not specified in detail
				884	PAL + UAL
				832	PAL + UAL
Commons et al 21	2001	Retrospective chart review	USA	514	SAL	Variable; not specified in detail
				117	UAL
Omranifard 50	2003	Cross-sectional study	Iran	20	UAL	Abdomen
Habbema 27	2009	Retrospective chart review	Netherlands	3240	SAL	Variable: Neck, upper extremity, male and female breast, abdomen, flanks, back, buttocks, and lower extremity
Wang et al 72	2018	Retrospective chart review	China	83	SAL	Variable: Abdomen, waist, flanks, back, and lower extremity
Roustaei et al 57	2009	Prospective series	Iran	609	UAL	Variable: Abdomen, back, buttocks, breast, upper extremity, and lower extremity
Blugerman et al 15	2010	Prospective series	Argentina	23	RFAL	Variable: Abdomen and hips
Katz et al 36	2003	Retrospective chart review	USA	207	PAL	Variable; not specified in detail
Innocenti et al 31	2014	Retrospective chart review	Italy	118	SAL	Neck
Zoccali et al 74	2012	Prospective series	Italy	797	UAL	Variable: Chest, breast, chin, abdomen, flanks, hips, gluteal, upper extremity, and lower extremity
Perez and Tetering 53	2003	Retrospective chart review	USA and Netherlands	351	UAL	Variable: Abdomen, flank, back, lower extremity, and face
Mellul et al 47	2006	Case series	USA	14	SAL	Female breast
Saleh et al 60	2009	Prospective series	Egypt	60	SAL	Variable: Waist, hips, buttocks, and lower extremity
Zhang et al 73	2015	Retrospective chart review	China	4000	SAL	Variable: Hips, flanks, and lower extremity
Goldman 25	2006	Prospective series	Brazil	82	LAL	Submental region
Trelles et al 68	2013	Prospective series	France	28	LAL	Male breast
Branas and Moraga 18	2013	Retrospective chart review	Spain	330	LAL	Variable: Lower extremity, hip
				100	SAL
Scuderi et al 62	2000	Prospective, randomized comparative series	Italy	15	SAL	Lower extremity
				15	UAL
				15	PAL
McBean and Katz 46	2009	Prospective series	USA	20	LAL	Variable; not specified in detail
Hodgson et al 28	2005	Retrospective chart review	United Kingdom	13	UAL	Male breast
Leclère et al 41	2014	Prospective series	France	30	LAL	Neck and submental region
Leclère et al 42	2014	Prospective series	France	30	LAL	Lower extremity
Walden et al 70	2004	Retrospective chart review	USA	12	SAL	Male breast
Theodorou and Chia 67	2013	Prospective series	USA	40	RFAL	Upper extremity
Sun et al 65	2009	Case series	China	35	LAL	Variable: Face, neck, mental region, upper extremity, and abdomen
Reynaud et al 55	2009	Retrospective chart review	France	334	LAL	Variable: Chin, abdomen, hips, flanks, back, buttocks, upper extremity, and lower extremity
Fulton et al 23	2001	Case series	USA	15	SAL	Female breast
Moreno-Moraga et al 48	2012	Prospective series	France	30	LAL	Lower extremity
Saariniemi et al 58	2015	Prospective series	Finland	61	WJAL	Variable: Abdomen and thigh
Swanson 66	2013	Prospective series	USA	384	UAL	Variable; not specified in detail
Leclère et al 39	2015	Prospective series	Spain	45	LAL	Upper extremity
Sadove 59	2005	Retrospective chart review	Israel	25	SAL	Female breast
Sasaki 61	2012	Prospective series	USA	19	LAL	Midface and neck
Hong et al 29	2012	Prospective series	Korea	57	LAL	Upper extremity
Paul et al 51	2011	Prospective series	USA	24	RFAL	Variable: Abdomen and hips
Duncan 22	2012	Prospective series	USA	11	RFAL	Upper extremity
Ion et al 32	2011	Case series	United Kingdom	42	RFAL	Variable: Abdomen, flanks, cervicodorsal, and breast
Paul and Mulholland 52	2009	Case series	USA	20	RFAL	Variable: Hips, abdomen, flanks, male breast, upper extremity, and lower extremity
Song et al 63	2014	Retrospective chart review	China	331	SAL and UAL	Male breast
Petty et al 54	2010	Retrospective chart review	USA	50	UAL	Male breast
Licata et al 45	2013	Retrospective chart review	Italy	230	LAL	Variable: Neck, flanks, hips, male breast, upper extremity, and lower extremity
Leclère et al 43	2012	Prospective series	France	359	LAL	Variable: Neck, jowls, abdomen, flanks, back, buttocks, pubic region, male breast, upper extremity, and lower extremity
Alexiades-Armenakas 14	2012	Prospective, randomized comparative series	USA	12	LAL	Neck and submental region
Leclère et al 40	2016	Prospective series	France	22	LAL	Upper extremity

Abbreviations: LAL, laser-assisted liposuction; SAL, suction-assisted liposuction; RFAL, radiofrequency-assisted liposuction; WJAL, water jet-assisted liposuction; UAL, ultrasound-assisted liposuction; PAL, power-assisted liposuction.