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. 2024 Feb 28;24:635. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-17797-3

Table 3.

Pooled (20 iterations) associations between loneliness and health behaviours in 5835 people LWBCa

World Cancer Research Fund recommendations
(not meeting = 0, meeting = 1)
ORb 95% CIc p
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 0.78 0.67 0.97 0.028*
Fibre 1.07 0.79 1.44 0.663
Fruit and vegetables 0.81 0.67 1.00d 0.046*
Red Meat 0.72 0.45 1.15 0.163
Processed Meat 1.00 0.83 1.19 0.954
Sugar 0.84 0.70 1.00 0.068
Fat 0.87 0.69 1.04 0.249
Alcohol 0.89 0.67 1.19 0.424
Smoking 0.62 0.46 0.84 0.003*
Body mass index 0.79 0.46 1.16 0.790

aReference category: lower loneliness (< 6 on UCLA loneliness scale). Models adjusted for covariates– age, sex, ethnicity, education, marital status, cancer type, treatments, time since treatment, time since diagnosis, number of comorbidities, cancer spread; bOR=odds ratio; cCI=Confidence interval. d0.996 rounded up *indicates statistical significance at 0.05 alpha level.