k L a values obtained for different aeration systems.
| Oxygen supply system | k L a [h−1] |
|---|---|
| Needle above liquid | 8.06 |
| Needle in liquid | 10.6 |
| Sparger 5 mL min−1 | 5.82 |
| Membrane aeration | 4.65 |
| Slug flow | 5.12 |
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