Table 2.
Clinical characteristics and lifestyle behaviors of the study subjects (N = 422).
| Variables | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | ||
| Normal (90–120/60–80) | 205 | 48.6 |
| Pre-hypertension (120–129/81–85) | 91 | 21.6 |
| Hypertension stage 1 (130–139/86–89) | 64 | 15.2 |
| Hypertension stage 2 (> 140/90) | 62 | 14.7 |
| Duration of illness (years) | ||
| ≤ 5 | 271 | 64.2 |
| > 5 | 151 | 35.8 |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Yes | 171 | 40.5 |
| No | 251 | 59.5 |
| Type of comorbidities | ||
| Hypertension | 126 | 29.9 |
| HIV/AIDS | 8 | 1.9 |
| CKD | 11 | 2.6 |
| PUD | 13 | 3.1 |
| Heart failure | 10 | 2.4 |
| Epilepsy | 3 | 0.7 |
| Treatment | ||
| Single oral agent (metformin) | 311 | 73.7 |
| Combined oral agents (metformin & glibenclamide) | 99 | 23.5 |
| Injectable (insulin) | 3 | 0.7 |
| Injectable and oral agents (metformin, insulin) | 9 | 2.1 |
| Habit of taking anti-diabetic drugs | ||
| Regularly | 358 | 84.8 |
| Irregularly | 64 | 15.2 |
| Glycemic control | ||
| Good | 135 | 32.0 |
| Poor | 287 | 68.0 |
| Physical activity | ||
| Regularly | 52 | 12.3 |
| Irregularly | 161 | 38.2 |
| Never | 208 | 49.5 |
| Dietary intake | ||
| Proper | 93 | 22 |
| Improper | 329 | 78 |
| Smoking habit | ||
| Yes | 42 | 10.0 |
| No | 380 | 90.0 |
| Alcohol intake | ||
| Yes | 82 | 19.4 |
| No | 340 | 80.6 |