Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the intervention and control groups (N=102).
| Characteristics | Control (n=54) | Intervention (n=48) | P value | ||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 47.1 (13.91) | 51.0 (13.37) | .17 | ||
| Sex (male), n (%) | 29 (54) | 34 (71) | .10 | ||
| Occupation (yes), n (%) | 41 (76) | 36 (75) | ≥.99 | ||
| Marital status, n (%) | .18 | ||||
|
|
Married | 36 (67) | 31 (65) |
|
|
|
|
Single | 17 (32) | 12 (25) |
|
|
|
|
Widowed, divorce, or separation | 1 (2) | 5 (10) |
|
|
| Education, n (%) | .12 | ||||
|
|
Elementary school | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
|
|
|
|
Middle school | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
|
|
|
|
High | 22 (41) | 11 (23) |
|
|
|
|
College | 23 (28) | 29 (60) |
|
|
|
|
Graduate school or over | 9 (17) | 7 (15) |
|
|
| Family income (US $ per month), n (%) | .95 | ||||
|
|
≤1750 | 7 (13) | 6 (13) |
|
|
|
|
1751-3500 | 13 (24) | 13 (27) |
|
|
|
|
3501-5250 | 19 (36) | 14 (29) |
|
|
|
|
≥5251 | 14 (26) | 15 (31) |
|
|
| Smoking, n (%) | .88 | ||||
|
|
Yes | 6 (11) | 7 (15) |
|
|
|
|
No | 34 (63) | 28 (58) |
|
|
|
|
Quit | 14 (26) | 13 (27) |
|
|
| Drinking (yes), n (%) | 20 (37) | 15 (31) | .68 | ||
| Sleep sufficiency (yes), n (%) | 26 (48) | 20 (42) | .55 | ||
| Comorbiditya (yes), n (%) | 41 (76) | 40 (83) | .46 | ||
|
|
Hyperlipidemia | 26 (48) | 22 (46) | .85 | |
|
|
Hypertension | 22 (41) | 18 (38) | .84 | |
|
|
Diabetes | 14 (26) | 17 (35) | .39 | |
|
|
Osteoporosis | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | ≥.99 | |
|
|
Others | 20 (37) | 20 (42) | .69 | |
| Medicationa (yes), n (%) | 40 (74) | 42 (88) | .13 | ||
|
|
Hyperlipidemia | 25 (46) | 23 (48) | ≥.99 | |
|
|
Hypertension | 19 (40) | 19 (35) | .69 | |
|
|
Diabetes | 14 (26) | 16 (33) | .52 | |
|
|
Others | 22 (41) | 21 (44) | .84 | |
aRespondents are allowed to select more than 1 answer for a single question.