Table 2.
Selected diagnostic characters for the species in the genus Leptobrachella occurring north of the Isthmus of Kra (modified from Rowley et al. 2017; Qian et al. 2020; and Wang et al. 2020). Toes webbing was determined following Fei et al. (2012). “Rudimentary” refers to an observable vestige of web.
| ID | Species | Male SVL (mm) | Female SVL (mm) | Black spots on flanks | Toes webbing | Fringes on toes | Ventral colouration | Dorsal skin texture |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | L.guinanensis sp. nov. | 30.5–32.5 | 38.7–41.8 | Yes | One third | Wide | Ventral surface creamy white without dark brown spots | Dorsal surface shagreened with small, raised tubercles and longitudinal ridges |
| 2 | L.aerea | 25.1–28.9 | 27.1–38.6 | No | Rudimentary | Wide | Near immaculate creamy white, brown specking on margins | Finely tuberculate |
| 3 | L.alpina | 24.0–26.4 | 31.7–32.1 | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | Creamy-white with dark spots | Relatively smooth, some with small warts |
| 4 | L.applebyi | 19.6–22.3 | 21.7–26.4 | Yes | Rudimentary | Absent | Reddish brown with white speckling | Smooth |
| 5 | L.ardens | 21.3–24.7 | 24.5 | Yes | Absent | Absent | Reddish brown with white speckling | Smooth-finely shagreened |
| 6 | L.aspera | 22.4 | 25.0–26.4 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Creamy white with distinct dark patches on chest and abdomen | Rough with dense conical granules, tubercles, and glandular folds |
| 7 | L.bashaensis | 22.9–25.6 | 27.1 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Creamy-white chest and off-white belly with irregular black spots | Dorsal skin slightly shagreened with small tubercles and irregular brown stripes |
| 8 | L.bidoupensis | 18.5–25.4 | 28.3–29.4 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Reddish brown with white speckling | Smooth |
| 9 | L.bijie | 29.0–30.4 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | White with distinct nebulous greyish speckling on chest and ventrolateral flanks | Shagreened and granular |
| 10 | L.botsfordi | 29.1–32.6 | 30.0–31.8 | No | Rudimentary | Narrow | Reddish brown with white speckling | Shagreened |
| 11 | L.bourreti | 28.0–36.2 | 42.0–45.0 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Creamy white | Relatively smooth, some with small warts |
| 12 | L.chishuiensis | 30.8–33.4 | 34.2 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | White with distinct nebulous greyish speckling on chest and ventrolateral flanks | Shagreened and granular |
| 13 | L.crocea | 22.2–27.3 | Unknown | No | Rudimentary | Absent | Bright orange | Highly tuberculate |
| 14 | L.damingshanensis | 33.6–34.4 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Creamy white ventral surface with small, creamy white glands on throat, chest and belly, becoming more concentrated near lateral margin | Rough dorsal skin with sparse jacinth tubercles and some short longitudinal ridges |
| 15 | L.dong | 29.2–34.2 | 34.4–43.1 | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | White with distinct nebulous brown speckling on ventrolateral flanks | Shagreened with fine tubercles |
| 16 | L.dorsospina | 28.7–30.5 | 32.1–39.8 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Greyish white with black spots and orange pigmentations | Rough with dense conical granules, tubercles, glandular folds, and conical spines |
| 17 | L.eos | 33.1–34.7 | 40.7 | No | Rudimentary | Wide | Creamy white | Shagreened |
| 18 | L.feii | 21.5–22.8 | 25.7 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Creamy white with black blotches | Shagreened with small tubercles and ridge |
| 19 | L.firthi | 26.4–29.2 | 25.7–36.9 | No | Rudimentary | Wide | Creamy white | Shagreened with fine tubercles |
| 20 | L.flaviglandulosa | 23.0–27.0 | 29.3 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Whitish with black speckling on margins | Shagreened with yellowish-brown tubercles |
| 21 | L.fuliginosa | 28.2–30.0 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | White with brown dusting | Nearly smooth, few tubercles |
| 22 | L.isos | 23.7–27.9 | 28.6–31.5 | No | Rudimentary | Wide | Creamy white with white dusting on margins | Mostly smooth, females more tuberculate |
| 23 | L.jinshaensis | 29.7–31.2 | Unknown | Yes | Absent | Narrow | Ventral surface of throat cream white, chest, and belly cream yellow with purple speckling | Dorsal skin shagreened, some of the granules forming longitudinal short skin ridges |
| 24 | L.jinyunensis | 29.1–34.1 | 34.1–34.9 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Basically, floral white with deep grey pigments all over | Rough, covered with dense small granules and large tubercles |
| 25 | L.kalonensis | 25.8–30.6 | 28.9–30.6 | Yes | Absent | Absent | Pale, speckled brown | Smooth |
| 26 | L.khasiorum | 24.5–27.3 | 21.2–33.4 | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | Creamy white | Isolated, scattered tubercles |
| 27 | L.lateralis | 26.9–28.3 | 36.6 | Yes | Rudimentary | Absent | Creamy white | Roughly granular |
| 28 | L.laui | 24.8–26.7 | 28.1 | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | Creamy white with dark brown dusting on margins | Round granular tubercles |
| 29 | L.liui | 23.0–28.7 | 24.5–27.8 | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | Creamy white with dark brown spots on chest and margins | Round granular tubercles with glandular folds |
| 30 | L.macrops | 28.0–29.3 | 30.3 | Yes | Rudimentary | Absent | Greyish violet with white speckling | Roughly granular with larger tubercles |
| 31 | L.maculosa | 24.2–26.6 | 27.0 | Yes | Absent | Absent | Brown with a few white speckling | Mostly smooth |
| 32 | L.mangshanensis | 22.2–27.8 | 30.2 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Throat grey-white and belly creamy white, scattered with white speckles | Smooth with orange tubercles and dark brown stripes |
| 33 | L.maoershanensis | 25.2–30.4 | 29.1 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Creamy white chest and belly with irregular black spots | Longitudinal folds |
| 34 | L.melica | 19.5–22.7 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Absent | Reddish brown with white speckling | Smooth |
| 35 | L.minima | 25.7–31.4 | 31.6–37.3 | Yes | Rudimentary | Absent | Creamy white | Smooth |
| 36 | L.nahangensis | 40.8 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Absent | Creamy white with light specking on throat and chest | Smooth |
| 37 | L.namdongensis | 30.9 | 32.1–35.3 | Yes | Rudimentary | Absent | Creamy white with brown dusting on margins | Finely tuberculate |
| 38 | L.neangi | Unknown (35.4–36.3 in females) | 35.4–36.3 | Yes | Rudimentary (in females) | Absent (in females) | Light purplish grey with dark brown mottling on throat | Small, irregular bumps and ridges |
| 39 | L.niveimontis | 22.5–23.6 | 28.5–28.7 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Marbling with black speckling | Relatively smooth with small tubercles |
| 40 | L.nokrekensis | 26.0–33.0 | 34.0–35.0 | Yes | Rudimentary | Unknown | Creamy white | Tubercles and longitudinal folds |
| 41 | L.nyx | 26.7–32.6 | 37.0–41.0 | Yes, but indistinct | Rudimentary | Absent | Creamy white with white with brown margins | Rounded tubercles |
| 42 | L.oshanensis | 26.6–30.7 | 28.8–32.6 | Yes | Absent | Absent | Whitish with no markings or only small, light grey spots | Smooth with few glandular ridges |
| 43 | L.pallida | 24.5–27.7 | Unknown | No | Absent | Absent | Reddish brown with white speckling | Tuberculate |
| 44 | L.pelodytoides | 27.5–32.3 | 35.5–37.8 | Yes | One third | Narrow | Whitish | Mostly smooth with smooth warts |
| 45 | L.petrops | 23.6–27.6 | 30.3–47.0 | No | Absent | Narrow | Immaculate creamy white | Highly tuberculate |
| 46 | L.pingbianensis | 28.0 | 30.0 | Yes | Rudimentary | unknown | Chest and belly with dark brown spots | Smooth |
| 47 | L.pluvialis | 21.3–22.3 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Absent | Dirty white with dark brown marbling | Smooth, flattened tubercles on flanks |
| 48 | L.puhoatensis | 24.2–28.1 | 27.3–31.5 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Reddish brown with white dusting | Longitudinal skin ridges |
| 49 | L.purpuraventra | 27.3–29.8 | 33.0–35.3 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Grey-purple with distinct nebulous greyish speckling on chest and ventrolateral flanks | Shagreened and granular |
| 50 | L.purpurus | 25.0–27.5 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | Dull white with indistinct grey dusting | Shagreen with small tubercles |
| 51 | L.pyrrhops | 30.8–34.3 | 30.3–33.9 | Yes | Rudimentary | Absent | Reddish brown with white speckling | Slightly shagreened |
| 52 | L.rowleyae | 23.4–25.4 | 27–27.8 | Yes | Absent | Absent | Pinkish milk-white to light brown with white speckles | Smooth with numerous tiny tubercles |
| 53 | L.shangsiensis | 24.9–29.4 | 30.8–35.9 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Yellowish creamy white with marble texture | Smooth with numerous tiny tubercles |
| 54 | L.shimentaina | 26.4–28.9 | 30.1–30.7 | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | Greyish pink with distinct hazy brown speckling on chest and ventrolateral flanks | Round granular tubercles with glandular folds |
| 55 | L.shiwandashanensis | 26.8–29.7 | 33.7–35.9 | Yes | Absent | Absent | Creamy white ventral surface with brown spots on lateral margin and near immaculate creamy white on throat and chest | Shagreened dorsal surface with small, raised tubercles and ridges, more evident on shoulder and dorsal surfaces of limbs |
| 56 | L.suiyangensis | 28.7–29.7 | 30.5–33.5 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Yellowish or creamy-white with marble texture or light brown speckling | Shagreened with small granules |
| 57 | L.sungi | 48.3–52.7 | 56.7–58.9 | No or small | Wide | Narrow | Yellowish or creamy-white | Granular |
| 58 | L.tadungensis | 23.3–28.2 | 32.1 | Yes | Absent | Absent | Reddish brown with white speckling | Smooth |
| 59 | L.tamdil | 32.3 | 31.8 | Yes | Wide | Wide | White | Weakly tuberculate |
| 60 | L.tengchongensis | 23.9–26.0 | 28.8–28.9 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | White with dark brown blotches | Shagreened with small tubercles |
| 61 | L.tuberosa | 24.4–29.5 | 30.2 | No | Rudimentary | Absent | White with small grey spots/streaks | Highly tuberculate |
| 62 | L.ventripunctata | 25.5–28.0 | 31.5–35.0 | Yes | Absent | Absent | Chest and belly with dark brown spots | Longitudinal skin ridges |
| 63 | L.verrucosa | 23.2–25.9 | Unknown | Yes | Absent | Narrow | Creamy white with greyish white and dark brown spots | Shagreened with numerous conical tubercles |
| 64 | L.wuhuangmontis | 25.6–30.0 | 33.0–36.0 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Greyish white mixed with tiny white and black dots | Rough with dense conical tubercles |
| 65 | L.wulingensis | 24.5–32.8 | 29.9–38.5 | yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Creamy white, with distinct or indistinct brown speckling at margins | Shagreened with sparse large warts, sometimes with longitudinal ridges |
| 66 | L.yeae | 25.8–32.6 | 33.7–34.1 | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Ventral belly cream white with variable brown specking | Dorsum relatively smooth with fine tiny granules or short ridges |
| 67 | L.yingjiangensis | 25.7–27.6 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | Creamy white with dark brown flecks on chest and margins | Shagreened with small tubercles |
| 68 | L.yunkaiensis | 25.9–29.3 | 34.0–35.3 | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | Belly pink with distinct or indistinct speckling | Shagreened with short skin ridges and warts |
| 69 | L.yunyangensis | 28.3–30.6 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Narrow | Ventral surfaces of the throat, chest, and belly greyish white with purple-brown speckling | Rough dorsal skin, with sparse large granules and tubercles and short longitudinal ridges on the shoulder |
| 70 | L.zhangyapingi | 45.8–52.5 | Unknown | Yes | Rudimentary | Wide | Near immaculate white | Mostly smooth with distinct tubercles |