Table 2.
Nutrient intake of participants between groups and across tertiles of dietary phytochemical index
| Nutrients† | Mean ± SD Cases (n = 112) | Mean ± SD Controls (n = 112) | P-value | Tertiles of DPI ( mean ± SD in all participants) | P-valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 ≤ 19 |
T2 19 < DPI < 28 |
T3 ≥ 28 |
|||||
| Carbohydrates intake(g/d) | 344.21 ± 155.75 | 369.64 ± 156.92 | 0.22 | 331.46 ± 115.79 | 370.84 ± 171.64 | 368.13 ± 173.65 | 0.23 |
| Protein intake(g/d) | 92.48 ± 28.59 | 99.19 ± 20.02 | 0.24 | 89.09 ± 35.96 | 102.72 ± 50.94 | 95.61 ± 39.77 | 0.15 |
| Total fat intake(g/d) | 93.53 ± 38.8 | 94.37 ± 46.63 | 0.88 | 88.19 ± 33.96 | 100.02 ± 48.94 | 93.57 ± 43.8 | 0.24 |
| Cholesterol (mg/d) | 311.14 ± 181.32 | 361.95 ± 221.86 | 0.062 | 329.06 ± 164.37 | 372.93 ± 260.89 | 307.55 ± 167.75 | 0.13 |
| Saturated fats(g/d) | 28.67 ± 13.47 | 26.72 ± 12.73 | 0.26 | 27.1 ± 11.04 | 30.52 ± 16.96 | 25.46 ± 9.82 | 0.05 |
| Monounsaturated fats(g/d) | 30.92 ± 12.98 | 30.15 ± 16.21 | 0.69 | 29.34 ± 11.72 | 32.34 ± 17.56 | 29.92 ± 14.08 | 0.48 |
| Polyunsaturated fats(g/d) | 17.37 ± 10.89 | 19.07 ± 12.67 | 0.28 | 15.87 ± 7.44 | 18.09 ± 11.07 | 20.68 ± 15.24 | 0.04 |
| Fiber (g/day) | 19.37 ± 10.41 | 22.23 ± 10 | 0.03 | 16.78 ± 6.68 | 22.24 ± 11.26 | 23.32 ± 11.11 | < 0.001 |
| Vitamin A(RE) | 1431.12 ± 1251.31 | 1895.53 ± 1422.01 | 0.02 | 1026.82 ± 6868.59 | 2027.8 ± 1727.23 | 1926.86 ± 18.02 | < 0.001 |
| Vitamin D(µg/d) | 0.98 ± 1.02 | 1.49 ± 1.29 | 0.001 | 1.26 ± 1.26 | 1.51 ± 1.24 | 0.93 ± 1 | 0.01 |
| Vitamin E(mg/d) | 4.07 ± 2.31 | 5.84 ± 4.86 | 0.01 | 4.3 ± 2.82 | 6.15 ± 5.57 | 4.4 ± 2.18 | 0.005 |
| Vitamin C (mg/d) | 132.41 ± 83.74 | 151.96 ± 19.73 | 0.06 | 106.27 ± 49.95 | 154.25 ± 84.57 | 165.56 ± 85.08 | < 0.001 |
| Folate (mcg/day) | 227.51 ± 145.05 | 340.7 ± 157.8 | 0.002 | 247.71 ± 104.6 | 334.97 ± 181.11 | 343.81 ± 150.57 | < 0.001 |
| Beta-carotene(µg/d) | 636.47 ± 736.84 | 916.1 ± 654.2 | 0.07 | 390.34 ± 447.1 | 869.19 ± 562.95 | 1069 ± 985.18 | 0.001 |
| Zinc(mg/d) | 11.84 ± 5.66 | 6.23 ± 6.15 | 0.08 | 10.91 ± 4.71 | 13.69 ± 7 | 12.97 ± 5.58 | 0.01 |
| Selenium (mg/d) | 0.11 ± 0.05 | 0.14 ± 0.06 | < 0.001 | 0.12 ± 0.05 | 0.13 ± 0.07 | 0.13 ± 0.06 | 0.85 |
| Magnesium(mg/d) | 306.23 ± 130.43 | 372.35 ± 172.98 | 0.001 | 272.83 ± 93.28 | 355.54 ± 153.27 | 388.61 ± 185.7 | < 0.001 |
| Iron(mg/d) | 24.36 ± 12.63 | 24.14 ± 11.79 | 0.89 | 23.21 ± 10.95 | 24.95 ± 13.27 | 24.57 ± 12.32 | 0.66 |
† data are analyzed by two−sample t−test. aP−value Obtained from ANOVA test. Bolded p-values (<0.05) denote statistical significance