. 2024 Feb 28;12(1):e2300343. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00343

TABLE 2.

Factors to Consider When Implementing A Resource and Strategies for Resource Uptake and Use

What Factors Are Associated With Resource Uptake and Use?	What Strategies Could Improve Uptake and Use?
Sufficient training and capacity-building for users¹⁹^,²⁰^,²³^,²⁴^,²⁵^–²⁷ Training and technical assistance are provided to prepare individuals to use the resource with fidelity. Training is appropriate for the audience, of sufficient duration, and integrated with existing training processes and systems. Supportive supervision is provided to all members of the team during resource use.	Offer training tailored for multidisciplinary staff. Provide ongoing training and technical assistance to support resource use. Create systems for supportive supervision. Leverage existing training systems, when possible, to introduce the resource and support its use.
User buy-in¹⁹^,²⁰^,²²^,²³^,²⁶ Users are aware of the resource and motivated to use it. Users believe that the resource is important, it can improve their work, and it addresses a perceived need.	Identify and leverage champions who support the resource. Articulate the rationale for using the resource, including why change is needed. Provide appropriate incentives for resource use. Consult with health care workers on resource implementation.
Effective messaging and communication²²^,²⁵ There are effective systems and processes to support communication about resource implementation to users. The necessary systems are in place to communicate with individuals involved in implementation, including program staff. There are clear and consistent messages about the resource, its purpose, its contents, and the implementation process.	Craft clear messaging about the resource. Consider tailoring messaging to different audiences (e.g., managers and program staff). Leverage or strengthen communication systems. Establish or leverage existing communication processes with health care workers.
Sufficient human resources²⁰^,²³^,²⁵^,²⁶ There are enough people with the time, training, and expertise to use the resource as intended.	Ensure sufficient human resources are dedicated to resource implementation. Plan for staff attrition during implementation. Evaluate the acceptability of a new resource among staff.
Funding/financial support¹⁹^,²²^–²⁴^,²⁶^,²⁸ There are dedicated funds and financial means, from private and/or public sources, to support resource implementation, including resource procurement, training, monitoring and evaluation, and managing unexpected delays or issues.	Evaluate whether there are sufficient dedicated funds to support sustained resource implementation. Consider multiple sources of financial support, including local and federal governments, donor, and non-health-related sectors. Provide funding to build organizational capacity before implementation. Fund critical elements of implementation, including training, supervision, monitoring and evaluation, data infrastructure, and responding to unexpected problems.
Sufficient equipment, supplies, and infrastructure²⁹ There is enough appropriate and high-quality equipment, supplies, and other physical infrastructure to implement the resource as intended.	Ensure that there is sufficient funding to support necessary equipment and supplies to use the resource. Invest in and/or leverage national infrastructure, including transportation and information technology.
Positive team culture¹⁹ There is mutual respect across implementing team members. Team members feel part of and supported by their organization.	Prioritize understanding team culture when planning for resource implementation. Identify opportunities to strengthen or build a positive team culture. Include nonclinical staff when building a team culture.
Leadership support¹⁹^,²³ Relevant leaders of the organization, facility, and/or district are dedicated to and supportive of implementation of the resource.	Create an implementation sustainability plan with decision-makers. Establish organizational leadership’s commitment to successful implementation of the resource.
Local and national data systems²⁴^,²⁶ Data are available for use and of high quality. Data are collected and reported regularly and completely. Data relevant for successful resource implementation are easily understood by resource implementers.	Provide training and capacity-building in data collection and use to resource implementers. Develop tools to support data use. Develop systems for data review and quality assurance. Leverage or strengthen national data systems.
Political commitment and policy alignment²²^,²⁹ Government bodies and/or government personnel engage in intentional and sustained action to support resource implementation. This may include supporting or creating legislation, regulations, or rules that promote resource use. There is buy-in from national, subnational, and local health authorities for resource use. This may involve expressing support for resource use or addressing barriers.	Identify champions at various levels of government to support uptake and use of the resource. Ensure implementation of the resource aligns with laws, regulations, and policies at all levels of government. Build relationships with political officials to promote strong government buy-in for work and legislation supporting resource use. Ask governmental officials to communicate about the resource to help facilitate resource use.
Strategic partnerships²²^,²⁶ There are relationships between 2 or more organizations or groups to share resources, information, or personnel to achieve a shared goal of supporting resource use. Strategic partnerships involving actors from the public or private sector, community representatives, and other stakeholders support use of the resource.	Identify prospective partner organizations or groups that share a common purpose related to the goals of the resource. Understand and leverage complementary skills, resources, and personnel across partnerships.