Figure 1.

Identification of neuroinvasive Bacillus cereus infections. The figure describes the methods for identifying neuroinvasive B cereus infections. Cases were defined as patients with a diagnosis of acute leukemia, positive microbiologic cultures (blood or cerebrospinal fluid) for B cereus ≥48 hours after admission, and correlating central nervous system radiographic findings. After 3 index cases were identified, all patients with microbiologic cultures positive for Bacillus species were assessed (n = 48). Cases of patients with a diagnosis of acute leukemia and a positive culture with B cereus during the risk period were extensively reviewed (n = 13), including 5 that exhibited correlating abnormal central nervous system radiographic findings consistent with neuroinvasive disease.