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. 2023 Dec 21;147(3):961–969. doi: 10.1093/brain/awad428

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© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Association between changes over time in mean diffusivity and changes over time in fluid markers of astrocytic activity and neurodegeneration. The colour scale represents standardized-β values from the multiple regression. Only results corrected for multiple comparisons are displayed (false discovery rate, P < 0.05). Changes over time are quantified as individualized slopes from linear mixed-effect modelling. [A(i)] Association between changes over time in cortical mean diffusivity (MD) and changes over time in plasma levels of GFAP. [A(ii)] Association between changes over time in cortical MD and changes over time in plasma levels of GFAP including baseline cortical thickness from the same region as a covariate in the model. [A(iii)] Association between changes over time in cortical MD in the temporal region of interest (ROI) and changes over time in plasma levels of GFAP. [B(i)] Association between changes over time in cortical MD and changes over time in CSF levels of YKL-40. [B(ii)] Association between changes over time in cortical MD and changes over time in in CSF levels of YKL-40 including baseline cortical thickness from the same region as a covariate in the model. [B(iii)] Association between changes over time in cortical MD in the temporal ROI and changes over time in CSF levels of YKL-40. [C(i)] Association between changes over time in cortical MD and changes over time in plasma levels of NfL. [C(ii)] Association between changes over time in cortical MD and changes over time in in plasma levels of NfL including baseline cortical thickness from the same region as a covariate in the model. [C(iii)] Association between changes over time in cortical MD in the temporal ROI and changes over time in plasma levels of NfL. The standardized-β and P-value reported are derived from the multiple linear regression model described in the text. The shadowed areas around the regression line represent the 95% confidence interval.