Table 4.

Studies reporting possible interventions for preventing post-tuberculosis liver function impairment and their main findings.

First author (year of publication), country, and study design	Category of intervention	Included interventions	Number of participants	Main findings
Xiong K (2021), China, RCT	Vitamin A and Vitamin D	Vitamin A (2000 IU/d), vitamin D (400 IU/d), and combination of vitamins A & D (2000 IU/d) supplementation	753	Vitamin A and D supplementation did not protect against TB-drug-induced liver injury.
Chen Q (2022), China, Retrospective cohort	Hepatoprotection prophylactic therapies	Chemoprotective agents including silymarin and/or glycyrrhetinic acid during for the first 30 days	6743	Prophylactic utilisation of hepatoprotective agents was not associated with a reduction in TB-DILI risks
Gu J (2015), China, RCT	Preventive hepatoprotective therapy	Silibinin capsules (oral administration of 70 mg/time, 3 times/day for 8 weeks)	568	There was no statistical difference in the incidences of liver injury between the two groups at different treatment periods
Hakimizad R (2021), Iran, RCT	Protective mitochondrial nutrients	Combination of acetyl-l-carnitine (250 mg), alpha-lipoic acid (250 mg), and coenzyme Q10 (200 mg) orally twice per day for 2 weeks as mitochondrial nutrients against anti-TB drug-induced liver injury	87	The incidence of DILI in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group.
Luangchosiri C (2015), Thailand, RCT	Hepatoprotection	Silymarin (a traditional herbal drug extracted from milk thistle (Silybum marinums) seeds, has been used as a supplement remedy for hepatoprotection)	55	Silymarin reduced the incidence of antiTB-DILI.
Zhang S (2015), China, RCT	Hepatoprotective	Silybum marianum hepatoprotectants ((oral, 200 mg, twice a day)) to prevent anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATLI).	370	No significant preventive effect of silymarin was found for either lowering the risk of liver injury or boosting the positive outcomes. Worse, it has found a potential risk of liver damage caused by the hepatoprotectant.