Table 5.

Studies reporting possible interventions for preventing post-tuberculosis neurological function impairment and their main findings.

First author (year of publication), country, and study design	Type of neurological function impairment	Category of intervention	Included interventions	Number of participants	Main findings
Nas K (2004), Turkey, Prospective cohort	Motor impairment	Rehabilitation program	Muscle-strengthening exercises postoperative for 6 months	47	Rehabilitation programs on motor and functional improve patients motor and functional development of patients with spinal tuberculosis.
Torok MS (2011), Vietnam, RCT	Neurological disability	Adjunctive dexamethasone therapy	Intravenous dexamethasone (0.3–0.4 mg/kg day) at presentation and tapered over six to eight weeks	545	Adjunctive treatment with dexamethasone improves patient survival with TB meningitis but probably does not prevent severe disability
Schoeman JF (1997), South Africa, RCT	Hemiparesis and quadriparesis	Adjuvant steroids therapy	High-dose prednisone as adjuvant steroids (i.e., corticosteroids) therapy	117	No significant difference was found in the incidence of motor deficit between the steroid and nonsteroid groups after the completion of treatment
Schoeman JF (2003), South Africa, RCT	Hemiparesis	Adjunctive Thalidomide therapy	Thalidomide (24 mg/kg/day orally) adjunctive therapy for one month	47	The results do not support the use of adjunctive high-dose thalidomide therapy in the treatment of TB meningitis. The motor outcome was similar in the intervention and control groups
Manesh A (2023), India, Retrospective cohort	Neurological deficits (severe disability)	Adjunctive Infliximab Therapy	Adjunctive High-Dose Infliximab Therapy (Cohort A received at least 1 dose of infliximab after optimal anti-TB treatment and steroids)	50	Infliximab may be an effective and safe adjunctive strategy among severely disabled patients with CNS TB.