Table 1.
PKC isozymes in cell lineage differentiation
| Lineage | PKC isozyme | Transcription factor |
|---|---|---|
| Epidermal | PKCη | c-fos/c-jun (AP-1), C/EBPα, HOXA7 |
| PKCα | DLX3 | |
| PKCδ | KLF4 | |
| Mesenchymal | ||
| Osteogenic | PKCδ | RUNX2 |
| Adipogenic | PKCδ | RUNX2 |
| Myogenic (cardiac) | PKCε | Nkx2.5, GATA-4 |
| Myogenic (skeletal) | PKCε | MyoD TFs, Nrf2 |
| Hematopoietic | ||
| Myeloid (erythrocytic) | PKCα | GATA-1-2 |
| PKCθ | EKLF | |
| Myeloid (megakaryocytic) | PKCε | GATA-1 |
| Myeloid (dendritic cell) | PKCβ | ? |
| PKCδ | ? | |
| PKCε | ? | |
| Lymphoid (T cell) | PKCθ | AP-1, NF-κB, RORγt, FoxO1, Fox3A |
| Lymphoid (B cell) | PKCβ | ? |
| PKCδ | ? |
Abbreviations: AP-1, activator protein-1;DLX3, distal-less homeobox 3;EKLF, erythroid krüppel–like factor; KLF4, Kruppel-like factor 4; ROR, retinoic acid–related orphan receptor; TF, transcription factor.
Selected members of the PKC family play important modulatory roles in differentiation. The table depicts the most representative examples of PKC isozyme-regulation of transcription factors leading to differentiation of epidermal, mesenchymal, and hematopoietic cell lineages.