Table 1.

Results of bidirectional MR analysis of T2DM with UC and CD.

Effect	Methods	No. SNP	Q-value (p-value)	Pleiotropy-test (p-value)	MR-PRESSO RSSobs (p-value)
T2DM on UC	IVW	114	128.371 (0.153)	0.004 (0.473)	221.126 (0.263)
T2DM on CD	IVW	110	170.025 (< 0.001)	0.003 (0.712)	196.280 (0.946)
UC on T2DM	IVW	26	38.429 (0.042)	−0.006 (0.340)	41.386 (0.047)
CD on T2DM	IVW	37	92.448 (7.381 × 10–7)	0.004 (0.395)	101.371 (0.499)

T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, UC ulcerative colitis, CD Crohn's disease, No. SNP number of SNPs included in the analysis, Q-value Cochran’s Q statistic, IVW inverse variance weighted.