eIF2α-mediated integrated stress responses verified in carotid stable and vulnerable plaques. (A) Representative specimens of stable and vulnerable plaques stained with H&E, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of VSMCs with organelle markers, including α-SMA, PERK, XBP1, GRP78, cytochrome C (Cyt C), LAMP1, and eIF2α. (B) Quantitative analysis of the expression levels of α-SMA, PERK, XBP1, GRP78, Cyt C, LAMP1, and eIF2α (n = 15 cases in each group). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Scale bar = 200 μm, 1 cm, 2 cm, respectively.