Table 2.
Summary of meta-analysis results.
| Outcomes | Number of studies (n=13), n (%) | Participants, n | Statistical methods | Effect estimates (95% CI) | Heterogeneity, I2 (%)a (P value) |
| Weight | 4 (31) | 425 | SMDb (IVc, random, 95% CI) | –0.15 (–0.34 to 0.04) | 0 (.49) |
| BMI | 6 (46) | 2070 | MDd (IV, random, 95% CI) | –0.01 (–1.70 to 1.68) | 92 (<.01) |
| Systolic blood pressure | 10 (77) | 2866 | MD (IV, random, 95% CI) | –2.74 (–4.93 to –0.56) | 64 (<.01) |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 7 (54) | 1388 | MD (IV, random, 95% CI) | –1.29 (–2.85 to 0.28) | 13 (.33) |
| Total cholesterol | 6 (46) | 1321 | SMD (IV, random, 95% CI) | –0.10 (–0.28 to 0.08) | 47 (.09) |
| LDLe cholesterol | 6 (46) | 2170 | SMD (IV, random, 95% CI) | –0.11 (–0.19 to –0.03) | 21 (.27) |
| HDLf cholesterol | 5 (38) | 1208 | SMD (IV, random, 95% CI) | –0.10 (–0.22 to 0.01) | 0 (.82) |
| Triglycerides | 3 (23) | 1018 | SMD (IV, random, 95% CI) | –0.07 (–0.32 to 0.18) | 66 (.05) |
| Feasibility | 13 (100) | 3013 | RRg (M-Hh, random, 95% CI) | 0.99 (0.95 to 1.02) | 54 (<.01) |
aValues for n not provided for I2 percentages.
bSMD: standardized mean difference.
cIV: inverse-variance model.
dMD: mean difference.
eLDL: low-density lipoprotein.
fHDL: high-density lipoprotein.
gRR: risk ratio.
hM-H: Mantel-Haenszel model.