Fig. 2.

O-GlcNAcylation promotes antiviral immune response. A Immunoblotting of phosphorylated IRF3 (p-IRF3), IRF3, OGT, and actin in shCtrl and shOGT cells infected with HSV-1 (MOI = 1) for 16 h. B and C Levels of IFN-β and IL-6 in the supernatants from shCtrl and shOGT cells challenged with HSV-1 (MOI = 1) for 16 h. D qRT-PCR analysis of Ifnb1, Il6, Tnfa, Isg15, Cxcl10, and Mx1 mRNA level in KYSE-30 cells treated as in (A). E Immunoblotting of phosphorylated IRF3 (p-IRF3), IRF3, OGT, and actin in MEFs infected with HSV-1 (MOI = 1) for 16 h with or without cotreatment of DON (10 μM) for 12 h. F and G Levels of IFN-β and IL-6 in the supernatants from MEFs treated as in (E). H qRT-PCR analysis of Ifnb1, Il6, Ccl5, and Cxcl10 mRNA in KYSE-30 cells treated as in (E). Data represent mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, compared with shR-OGT or DON treatment, n = 3