Table 2.
Association between mortality from NCDs and risk factors stratified by gender among persons aged 15 years and above in Zambia
| Variables | Mortality from NCDs | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | All | ||||||
| Number (% NCDs) | p | Number (% NCDs) | p | Number (% NCDs) | p | |||
| Age | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | |||||
| 15–29 | 1163 (8.00) | 1092 (9.90) | 2255 (8.81) | |||||
| 30–44 | 2280 (8.54) | 2520 (17.07) | 4800 (11.57) | |||||
| 45–59 | 5002 (27.59) | 3885 (35.86) | 8887 (30.68) | |||||
| 60–74 | 7628 (53.56) | 4587 (53.02) | 12,215 (53.35) | |||||
| 75+ | 6474 (52.70) | 6914 (52.95) | 13,387 (52.95) | |||||
| Residence | 0.1531 | 0.2302 | 0.0767 | |||||
| Rural | 8554 (24.05) | 7891 (30.43) | 16,446 (26.74) | |||||
| Urban | 13,993 (27.80) | 11,106 (34.32) | 25,100 (30.35) | |||||
| Education Attainment | 0.0076 | 0.2416 | 0.0041 | |||||
| None | 1799 (30.12) | 3935 (37.78) | 5734 (35.99) | |||||
| Primary | 7223 (21.97) | 7988 (30.45) | 15,211 (25.773) | |||||
| Secondary | 8908 (26.94) | 3936 (27.95) | 12,844 (27.24) | |||||
| Higher | 3085 (37.19) | 909 (35.59) | 3994 (36.81) | |||||
| Marital Status | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | |||||
| Never Married | 2217 (11.95) | 1521 (16.03) | 3739 (13.33) | |||||
| Married | 16,287 (31.72) | 7031 (31.62) | 23,318 (31.69) | |||||
| Divorced/Separated | 1388 (16.71) | 1852 (21.96) | 3241 (19.36) | |||||
| Widow | 2355 (39.37) | 8101 (49.47) | 10,456 (46.76) | |||||
| Region | 0.0938 | 0.0030 | 0.0008 | |||||
| Central | 2074 (23.35) | 1230 (21.73) | 3304 (22.72) | |||||
| Copperbelt | 3040 (21.45) | 2790 (40.37) | 5830 (27.65) | |||||
| Eastern | 1750 (24.65) | 1763 (33.16) | 3515 (28.29) | |||||
| Luapula | 1519 (18.89) | 1086 (20.36) | 2605 (19.47) | |||||
| Lusaka | 5543 (33.00) | 4551 (36.85) | 10,093 (34.62) | |||||
| Muchinga | 2163 (30.59) | 2097 (40.73) | 4261 (34.92) | |||||
| Northern | 2373 (29.93) | 1597 (35.19) | 3969 (31.87) | |||||
| North Western | 1209 (27.31) | 956 (24.94) | 2165 (26.21) | |||||
| Southern | 1931 (29.16) | 1632 (45.97) | 3563 (35.02) | |||||
| Western | 945 (26.25) | 1295 (22.96) | 2241 (21.34) | |||||
| Occupation | 0.0000 | 0.2969 | 0.0001 | |||||
| Skilled Agriculture | 7670 (28.24) | 6397 (32.63) | 14,067 (30.09) | |||||
| Managers/Professionals | 2124 (50.76) | 659 (36.70) | 2783 (46.53) | |||||
| Craft/ Clerks | 1524 (39.18) | 65 (24.61) | 1589 (38.25) | |||||
| Market sales works | 456 (14.71) | 928 (44.84) | 1383 (26.76) | |||||
| Plant& machine operator | 2518 (18.14) | 1801 (23.93) | 4319 (27.69) | |||||
| Elementary occupation | 2725 (18.14) | 902 (28.62) | 3628 (19.96) | |||||
| Tobacco use | 0.0001 | 0.3102 | 0.0004 | |||||
| Yes | 5665 (19.67) | 2197 (38.02) | 7863 (22.73) | |||||
| No | 15,070 (30.67) | 15,226 (32.30) | 30,297(31.46) | |||||
| Alcohol Consumption | 0.0000 | 0.3504 | 0.0000 | |||||
| Yes | 10,574 (21.13) | 4092 (29.65) | 14,666 (22.97) | |||||
| No | 10,964 (35.22) | 13,676 (33.43) | 24,640 (34.20) | |||||
| Poor Diet | 0.5820 | 0.1119 | 0.0133 | |||||
| Yes | 80 (7.41) | 183 (17.83) | 263 (12.49) | |||||
| No | 21,783 (26.8) | 18,459 (33.40) | 40,242 (29.49) | |||||
| Health Care Access | 0.6291 | 0.5634 | 0.4636 | |||||
| Yes | 12,285 (27.08) | 10,374 (33.52) | 22,659 (29.69) | |||||
| No | 10,122 (73.51) | 8565 (31.64) | 18,687 (28.18) | |||||
| Total | 22,548 (26.25) | 18,998 (32.60) | 41,545 (28.81) | |||||
Source: SAVVY 2015/16, Note: These estimates are weighted