An intact effector domain and membrane targeting of V14Rho are required for the enhancement of AP-1 transcriptional activation. Jurkat cells were transfected with 10 μg of pEBG, V14Rho, V38T/V14Rho, F39Y/V14Rho, E40I/V14Rho, N41I/V14Rho, T37A/E40I/V14Rho (A and B) or V14Rho-ΔCAAX (C), and approximately 10 μg of AP-1 enhancer element reporter construct. Cells were left unstimulated or stimulated with PMA (10 ng/ml) for 7 h, and AP-1 enhancer element-driven luciferase activity was determined.