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. 2023 Dec 1;154(6):3526–3542. doi: 10.1121/10.0022565

FIG. 3.

FIG. 3.

Diversity in cranial LL canals (A)–(E), five canal patterns and trunk canals [(F)–(M), eight patterns] found among teleost fishes. (A) Narrow-simple canals, in saithe, Pollachius virens. (B) narrow canals with widened tubules (gray), in Arapaima gigas, (C) reduced canals with lines of SNs (dots) in the plainfin midshipman (Porichthys notatus), (D) narrow canals with branched tubules in Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), (E) widened canals in common percarina (Percarina demidoffi). (F) complete straight canal in Atlantic tarpon (Megalops atlanticus), (G) complete arched canal in a carangid, (H) dorsally placed canal in a stonefish, (I) ventrally placed canal in a flying fish, (J) incomplete canal in a blenny, (K) disjunct canal in a cichlid, (L) multiple canals in a greenling (see Sec. III A), (M) absence of trunk canal in a menhaden). Sources: (A) Redrawn with permission from Marshall, “Systematic and biological studies of the macrourid fishes (Anacanthini Teleostii),” Deep Sea Res. 12, 299–322 (1965). Copyright 1965 Elsevier. (B) Redrawn with permission from Nelson, “Infraorbital bones and their bearing on the phylogeny and geography of osteoglossomorphs fishes,” Am. Mus. Novit. No. 2394 (1969). Copyright 1969 the American Museum of Natural History. (C) Redrawn with permission from Greene, “The phosphorescent organs in the toadfish, Porichthys notatus Girard,” J. Morphol. 15, 667–696 (1899). Copyright 1899 Wiley. (D) Redrawn with permission from Hoss and Blaxter, “Development and function of the swimbladder-inner ear system in the Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus (Latrobe),” J. Fish Biol. 20, 131–142 (1982). Copyright 1982 Wiley & Sons, Inc. (E) Redrawn with permission from Jakubowski, “Cutaneous sense organs of fishes. Part VII. The structure of the system of lateral-line canal organs in the Percidae,” Acta Biol. Cracov. Ser. Zool. 10, 69–81 (1967); licensed under an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/license. (F)–(M) Modified with permission from Nelson, Grande, and Wilson, Fishes of the World, 5th ed. Copyright 2016 Wiley-Liss, Inc.